Continuous reaction device and method for preparing aldehyde through hydroformylation reaction

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous reaction device for preparing aldehyde through a hydroformylation reaction. The reaction device comprises a reaction unit, a separation unit and a circulation unit; the circulation unit is located between the reaction unit and the separation unit; the reaction unit is connected with the separation unit; and a catalyst is circulated between the reaction unit andthe separation unit through the circulation unit. The invention further discloses a method for preparing the aldehyde by adopting the reaction device. According to the method and device provided by the invention, the catalyst can be uninterruptedly and continuously recycled without being separated by external equipment, continuous production of the aldehyde can be realized, reaction heat can be rapidly removed, the progress of the hydroformylation reaction is facilitated, the conversion rate of raw materials is high, the yield of the target products is high, and the ratio of a n-configurationproduct to an iso-configuration product is high.

Description

Technical field [0001] The present application relates to a continuous reaction device for preparing aldehydes through hydroformylation reaction and a method for preparing aldehydes using the device, and belongs to the fields of chemical engineering and chemical synthesis. Background technique [0002] The hydroformylation reaction is a reaction between olefins and synthesis gas (CO and H 2 ) is a reaction process that produces one molecule more aldehyde or alcohol than the original olefin under the action of a transition metal complex catalyst. The aldehydes, alcohols, and their derivatives produced are widely used as plasticizers, fabric additives, surfactants, solvents, and fragrances. This type of reaction was first discovered by O. Roelen in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis at the Ruhr Chemical Company in Germany in 1938. Propanaldehyde and ethylenedione were obtained from synthesis gas and ethylene, and were soon applied to propylene. Process for producing butanol. However...

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Problems solved by technology

In order to maintain catalyst activity and high conversion rate, the process must adopt very high synthesis gas pressure and high temperature, and the positive and negative ratio of the obtained product is low, there are many side reactions, the overall process energy consumption is high, catalyst recovery and regeneration complicated process

BASF's process is similar to that of Ruhr in Germany, using a higher reaction temperature to increase the speed of the formylation reaction, but the side reactions increase more

Mitsubishi Chemical has improved the process, using automatic control and lower temperature (100-150 degrees) to make the temperature in the reactor uniform. Taking the production of butyraldehyde from propylene as an example, the selectivity can reach 85-88%. The ratio is 4:1; the disadvantage is that the reaction pressure is still high (15-30MPa), and the catalyst separation effect is complicated

The UCC process is jointly developed by the United Carbide Company of the United States, Davey Electric Company and Johnson Matthey Company of the United Kingdom. It uses a large amount of excess triphenylphosphine as a ligand and triphenylphosphine carbonyl rhodium hydride as a catalyst system, which can make the reaction at a relatively mild temperature. The operating pressure is greatly reduced. The disadvantage is that rhodium is expensive and the catalyst is poisoned and deactivated. This process is limited to low-carbon olefins as raw materials, and ethylene and propylene are used to produce propionaldehyde and butyraldehyde.

The core advantage of the RCH / RP process is the use of a special reactor. When the reaction product leaves the reactor, the separation process of the catalyst has been completed, and the catalyst remains in the reactor. However, the disadvantage is that the reaction temperature and pressure are relatively high. High, with a large amount of water circulation, high energy consumption

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