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Electrolyte for lithium metal battery and preparation method and application thereof

A lithium metal battery and electrolyte technology, applied in electrolytes, secondary batteries, secondary battery repair/maintenance, etc., can solve problems such as combustion of carbonate-based electrolytes, improve cycle stability, suppress parasitic reactions, The effect of preventing burning

Inactive Publication Date: 2021-01-05
SOUTH CHINA NORMAL UNIVERSITY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] Based on this, the object of the present invention is to provide an electrolyte for lithium metal batteries, which is used in lithium metal batteries to solve the problem of burning of carbonate-based electrolytes in lithium metal batteries and prolong the cycle life of lithium metal batteries

Method used

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  • Electrolyte for lithium metal battery and preparation method and application thereof
  • Electrolyte for lithium metal battery and preparation method and application thereof
  • Electrolyte for lithium metal battery and preparation method and application thereof

Examples

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preparation example Construction

[0035] A method for preparing an electrolyte for a lithium metal battery of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) purifying and removing impurities and water from the above-mentioned organic solvent; (2) combining the electrolyte lithium salt with the step (1) Mixture of organic solvents.

[0036] Preferably, purification and removal of impurities and water removal are preferably carried out by any one or more of molecular sieves, activated carbon, calcium hydride, lithium hydride, anhydrous calcium oxide, calcium chloride, phosphorus pentoxide, alkali metals or alkaline earth metals . More preferably, described molecular sieve can adopt type, type or type, preferably type or type.

[0037] Specifically, the steps of purifying and removing impurities and removing water from organic solvents are as follows: Purifying and removing impurities and removing water are preferably carried out through molecular sieves, activated carbon, calcium hydride, li...

Embodiment 1

[0045] A kind of electrolyte solution for lithium metal battery of the present embodiment, its preparation method comprises:

[0046] Vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC) and bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate (TFEC) are mixed at a volume ratio of VEC:TFEC=3:7, and purified by molecular sieves, calcium hydride, and lithium hydride Miscellaneous, remove water (moisture <10ppm), get mixed solvent;

[0047] At room temperature, the electrolyte lithium salt LiPF 6 Dissolve in the above mixed solvent so that the final concentration of the electrolyte lithium salt is 1.0 mol / L, stir evenly, and leave to stand to obtain a novel electrolyte solution for lithium metal batteries.

[0048] Among them, the chemical structural formulas of VEC and TFFEC are as follows:

[0049]

Embodiment 2

[0051] Vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC) and bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate (TFEC) are mixed at a volume ratio of VEC:TFEC=1:1, and purified by molecular sieves, calcium hydride, and lithium hydride Miscellaneous, remove water (moisture <10ppm), get mixed solvent;

[0052] At room temperature, the electrolyte lithium salt LiPF 6 Dissolve in the above mixed solvent so that the final concentration of the electrolyte lithium salt is 1.0 mol / L, stir evenly, and leave to stand to obtain a novel electrolyte solution for lithium metal batteries.

[0053] The difference from Example 1 is that VEC and TFEC are mixed at a volume ratio of VEC:TFEC=1:1, and the rest of the steps are the same.

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Abstract

The invention provides an electrolyte for a lithium metal battery. The electrolyte comprises the following components: a dewatered organic solvent and an electrolyte lithium salt, wherein the organicsolvent is prepared from the following components: ethylene carbonate and bis (2, 2, 2trifluoroethyl) carbonate. A battery prepared from the electrolyte has the characteristics of preventing electrolyte combustion and promoting lithium metal negative electrode film formation, the electrolyte can form a layer of stable SEI film on the surface of a lithium metal negative electrode, the reaction of body lithium and the electrolyte is effectively blocked, the interface stability of the lithium metal negative electrode / electrolyte is remarkably improved, and therefore, the cycling stability of thelithium metal battery is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of lithium metal batteries, and in particular relates to an electrolyte solution for lithium metal batteries and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Lithium metal has a theoretical specific capacity of up to 3860mAh / g and a super negative electrode potential of -3.04V (relative to the standard hydrogen electrode), making it an ideal negative electrode for building high specific energy batteries. With the increasing requirements for battery energy density in the fields of advanced portable electronic products and electric vehicles, the development of high specific energy secondary batteries based on metallic lithium anodes has become a research hotspot in the field of chemical power sources in recent years. The negative electrode material used in the current research is mainly lithium metal, and the electrolyte is widely used in a mixed system of cyclic carbonate and linear carbo...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0569H01M10/0525H01M10/42
CPCH01M10/0525H01M10/0569H01M10/4235H01M2300/0037Y02E60/10
Inventor 李伟善张乾魁刘思
Owner SOUTH CHINA NORMAL UNIVERSITY
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