Porous carbon self-reduction preparation method of porous carbon loaded small-size precious metal nanoparticle composite material

Abstract

The invention discloses a porous carbon loaded small-size precious metal nanoparticle composite material, and a porous carbon self-reduction preparation method and application of the composite material. An aqueous solution containing porous carbon and a metal salt is stirred, a self-reduction reaction is conducted on the metal salt under the action of the porous carbon in a stirring adsorption process, the metal nanoparticles obtained by reduction are loaded on porous carbon, and aftertreatment is conducted to obtain the porous carbon loaded metal nanoparticle composite material. The reduction potential of the porous carbon is lower than the reduction potential of the metal. Porous carbon which is low in price, easy to obtain, large in specific surface area, good in electrical conductivity, low in reduction potential and rich in surface functional groups is adopted as a self-reducing agent and a carrier, and the small-size precious metal nanoparticle composite porous carbon material high in dispersity is synthesized. Compared with other synthesis methods, the method has the advantages of effective reduction of the cost, simplicity, clear product, and facilitation of large-scale production; and the composite material obtained by the invention has excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution and hydrogen oxidation reaction activity.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nanomaterial preparation and electrocatalysis, and in particular relates to a porous carbon-loaded small-sized noble metal nanoparticle composite material, a porous carbon self-reduction preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] In order to reduce the environmental pollution caused by our high consumption of non-renewable fossil fuels, the development of clean and sustainable energy and its storage technology has received more and more attention in recent years. Among them, hydrogen has the highest energy density among all chemical fuels (142MJ kg -1 ), considered to be the ultimate clean energy. Among all kinds of fuel cells, hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells (HEMFCs) have attracted much attention due to their high energy conversion efficiency, high power density, and good environmental compatibility. With water as the medium, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) a...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] At present, the methods for preparing high-efficiency noble metal electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution catalysts include: 1) increasing the effective area of ​​the catalyst, usually by designing special morphology (hierarchical structure, porous structure, etc.) to increase the contact area between the electrode and the electrode solution, but the metal loading of this method 2) Alloying with non-precious metals, introducing the second or third alloy through high temperature methods such as hydrothermal and calcination, the preparation steps are generally more complicated and energy consumption is high; 3) Find or prepare suitable Carrier: generally choose a material with good conductivity, many surface functional groups, and a large specific surface area as the carrier

[0005] There are various forms of carriers. At present, carbon materials are widely used, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, graphyne, etc. These carriers usually have cumbersome preparation processes and low cost performance.

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