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Plant plastic and preparation method thereof

A technology of plastics and plants, which is applied in the field of artificial microstructure materials, ecological materials and their preparation, can solve the problems such as the difficulty in realizing the strong interaction between plant microfibers, and achieve the effects of low cost, increased productivity, and wide application prospects

Active Publication Date: 2021-05-11
NANJING UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, since the strong interaction between plant microfibers is difficult to achieve without the aid of foreign substances such as binders, the formation of pure plant microfibers into plastic-like materials has not been reported so far.

Method used

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  • Plant plastic and preparation method thereof
  • Plant plastic and preparation method thereof
  • Plant plastic and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0029] Mix 10g of cellulose fibers derived from cotton with 7% NaOH and 12% urea aqueous solution, and fully stir evenly. The required volume of sodium hydroxide urea aqueous solution is 100ml, and take it out after freezing at -18°C for 1 hour. The shape changes from straight to distorted, the surface of the fiber is slightly dissolved, and the fresh surface is exposed. After taking it out, it is immersed in dilute hydrochloric acid for 10 hours, and then washed with deionized water for many times, and then the washed sample is dried. During the process of dehydration, the fiber Actively shrink to form a dense structure, and finally get a new plant plastic material. Its scanning electron microscope picture is as figure 1 As shown in the figure, the plant plastic is composed of micron-scale plant fibers, which are bent, deformed and tightly wound to form a very dense structure.

[0030] From figure 2 It can be seen that the plant plastic (white block) of this embodiment is ...

Embodiment 2

[0032] Mix 8g of cellulose fibers derived from wood with 7% NaOH and 12% urea aqueous solution, and stir well, the volume of the required aqueous solution is 100ml, and the resulting mixed system is frozen at -13°C for 3 hours, and the fiber shape From straight to distorted, the surface of the fiber is slightly dissolved to reveal a fresh surface. After taking it out, it is immersed in dilute sulfuric acid for 72 hours, then cleaned with deionized water, and then the washed sample is dried. During the process of dehydration, the fiber actively shrinks. A dense structure is formed and finally plant plastics are obtained.

Embodiment 3

[0034] Mix 10g of cellulose fibers derived from rice straw with lithium chloride / DMAc=8g:100ml solution, react at a temperature of 140°C for 30min, then let the resulting mixed system stand for 10 hours, the surface of the cellulose is slightly dissolved, exposing the fresh The surface was washed several times with deionized water, and then the washed samples were dried to obtain plant plastics.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a plant plastic and a preparation method thereof. The plastic is only composed of micron-sized plant fibers, and the plant fibers are bent, deformed and tightly wound to form a compact microstructure. The appearance property of the plant plastic is similar to that of common plastic, the plant plastic is optically semitransparent, hard in texture and high in strength, and the density (about 1.2-1.6 g / cm<3>) of the plant plastic is close to the theoretical density (about 1.6g / cm<3>) of cellulose; the component is natural cellulose, is free of thermoplasticity and can be completely biodegraded. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: treating the surfaces of the plant fibers with a chemical solution; then performing treatment with acid or an aqueous solution; and finally, conducting cleaning with water to remove chemical residues in the sample, and conducting drying to obtain the plant plastic. The plant plastic prepared by the invention is a brand new material, and the preparation method has the characteristics of wide raw material source, low cost, simple preparation steps and the like, and has a wide application range.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a new plant plastic material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to artificial microstructure materials, ecological materials and preparation technologies thereof. Background technique [0002] Plastic is an important product of petrochemical industry and one of the greatest inventions of mankind. However, due to the refractory nature of plastic, the so-called "plastic crisis" has been triggered in recent years with the increasing amount of plastic waste. Plastic particles have been found not only on land, but even in the deepest parts of the ocean. Plastic not only causes environmental pollution, but even enters the human body in the form of water and aquatic animals, affecting human health. Therefore, finding alternatives to plastics and developing new materials that are completely biodegradable and environmentally friendly are important guarantees for sustainable development of the environment. Natural cellulose i...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C08L1/02D01C1/02
CPCC08L1/02D01C1/02C08L2201/06C08L97/00C08B16/00
Inventor 祝名伟吴佳扬黄大方陈延峰
Owner NANJING UNIV
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