Method for recovering valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries

A lithium-ion battery and valuable metal technology, which is applied in battery recycling, waste collector recycling, secondary batteries, etc., can solve the problems of processing single waste lithium-ion batteries, secondary pollution of inorganic acid wastewater, and low product purity, etc. To avoid the loss of valuable metals, improve the comprehensive recovery rate, good repeatability

Pending Publication Date: 2022-01-07
GEM CO LTD +1
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

There are still certain defects in the existing waste lithium ion battery recycling technology, such as the "method for recovering valuable metals in nickel-cobalt lithium manganese oxide batteries and preparing nickel-cobalt lithium manganese oxide batteries" published by Chinese patent CN104538695A, using acid leaching to recycle nickel, cobalt, and manganese Valuable metals in lithium-acid waste batteries, the electrode active material is firstly leached with inorganic acid to obtain a leaching solution, iron and aluminum are precipitated, and then alkali is added to control different pH values ​​to obtain a precipitate corresponding to a single metal, and finally lithium is recovered. This method The recovery of waste ternary lithium-ion batteries has been realized, but there is a problem of low product purity, and the non-degradable inorganic acid wastewater generated during the acid leaching process causes secondary pollution
Another example is "a process for recovering valuable metals from waste lithium batteries" published by Chinese patent CN102162034A. Using pretreatment, leaching process, chemical impurity removal, extraction and separation and other process steps, the recovery of cobalt, copper, nickel, aluminum The recovery of valuable metals, etc., but the extraction and separation process needs to use expensive extractant, and the operation is complicated. Although this process is close to the recovery process used in industrial production, it has the disadvantage of high recovery cost.
The above processes are all acidic leaching first, then removing impurities to recover metals such as nickel, cobalt and manganese, and finally recovering lithium, and only deal with a single type of waste lithium-ion battery

Method used

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  • Method for recovering valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0052] Will be mixed with waste LiNiO 2 、LiCoO 2 , LiMnO 2 、LiNi x co y mn 1-x-y o 2 Lithium-ion batteries, that is, waste mixed lithium-ion batteries soaked in 5% sodium sulfite solution, discharged to a cut-off voltage of 1V; dismantling the discharged waste lithium-ion batteries to obtain battery components; mechanically integrating the battery components Crushed to obtain scraps, sieved the scraps with a particle size of less than 0.1mm and sent them to the roasting process; the scraps were heated to 400°C at a rate of 2°C / min in the air atmosphere, kept and roasted for 1h, and the adhesive was peeled off. The roasting exhaust gas is absorbed with 50mg / L lime water; the stripped products are separated to obtain Al, Cu foil and electrode active materials. Alkaline washing is carried out to the electrode active material powder produced by roasting, and the alkali washing parameters are as follows: NH of PH=10 4 OH solution, alkali washing time 10min, alkali washing te...

Embodiment 2

[0055] Soak the waste mixed lithium-ion battery in 10% sodium sulfite solution, and discharge it until the cut-off voltage is 0.8V; disassemble the discharged waste lithium-ion battery to obtain the battery components; mechanically crush the battery components as a whole to obtain broken pieces The crushed material with a particle size of less than 0.1mm is sieved and sent to the roasting process; the crushed material is heated up to 450°C at a rate of 5°C / min in the air atmosphere, kept for 1h, and the adhesive is peeled off, and the roasting waste gas is used 50mg / L lime water absorption; the stripped product is separated to obtain Al, Cu foil and electrode active material. Alkaline washing is carried out to the electrode active material powder produced by roasting, and the alkali washing parameters are as follows: NH of PH=10.5 4 OH solution, alkali washing time 20min, alkali washing temperature 25°C, filtration, separation and drying to obtain the electrode active material...

Embodiment 3

[0058] Soak the waste mixed lithium-ion battery in 15% sodium sulfite solution, and discharge it until the cut-off voltage is 0.7V; disassemble the discharged waste lithium-ion battery to obtain the battery components; mechanically crush the battery components to obtain broken pieces The crushed material with a particle size of less than 0.1mm is sieved and sent to the roasting process; the crushed material is heated up to 450°C at a rate of 10°C / min in the air atmosphere, kept for 1h, and the adhesive is peeled off, and the roasting waste gas is used 50mg / L lime water absorption; the stripped product is separated to obtain Al, Cu foil and electrode active material. Alkaline washing is carried out to the electrode active material powder produced by roasting, and the alkali washing parameters are as follows: NH of PH=12 4 OH solution, alkali washing time 30min, alkali washing temperature 35°C, filtration, separation and drying to obtain the electrode active material after alkal...

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste lithium ion battery recovery, and provides a method for recovering valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out short-circuit discharge, disassembly, crushing, roasting and screening on the waste lithium ion batteries to obtain electrode active material powder; carrying out alkali washing treatment on the electrode active material powder by using an alkaline solution, filtering, and removing copper and aluminum; drying the electrode active material powder subjected to alkali washing treatment, mixing the dried electrode active material powder with starch and concentrated sulfuric acid according to a set proportion, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material; putting the mixed material into a corundum crucible, putting the corundum crucible into a tubular roasting furnace, controlling the atmosphere, and roasting; and leaching a product obtained by roasting with deionized water to obtain a leaching solution and leaching residues containing valuable metal ions, and filtering to obtain the leaching solution. According to the method, the impurity ion concentration in the leachate can be reduced, the purity and comprehensive recovery rate of valuable metal recovery are improved, and the recovery cost is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of recycling waste lithium ion batteries, in particular to a method for recovering valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the problem of social energy and environmental ecological pollution has become increasingly prominent, especially the environmental and ecological pollution of various waste batteries has become the focus of social attention. Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in the field of power batteries and energy storage batteries due to their high capacity, stable cycle performance, and high working platform voltage. However, power and energy storage batteries generally require more battery materials than conventional small batteries. Therefore, in the next 3-5 years, a large number of lithium-ion batteries will be scrapped, and their recycling has high social value. [0003] At present, in the...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C22B1/02C22B1/00C22B26/12C22B47/00C22B23/00C01F11/22H01M10/54H01M10/0525
CPCC22B7/006C22B1/02C22B1/005C22B26/12C22B47/00C22B23/0407C01F11/22H01M10/54H01M10/0525Y02E60/10Y02P10/20Y02W30/84
Inventor 许开华蒋良兴杨健张坤李晨威陈永安赖延清
Owner GEM CO LTD
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