Ultrafast laser galvanometer scanning coupling method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrafast laser galvanometer scanning coupling method, which comprises the following steps: through a basic structure consisting of an ultrafast laser, a galvanometer, a converter, a controller, an optical fiber conduit and an output end, quickly filling a light field into a whole optical fiber array beam in the optical fiber conduit by using a low-power single ultrafast laser beam; the whole optical fiber array beam has the effect equivalent to high-power laser irradiation, an irradiation light field is expanded, precise coupling is achieved, the power requirement and manufacturing cost of a laser and the heat effect on surrounding tissue are reduced, and the purposes of intravascular treatment, especially efficient thrombus and plaque ablation are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of endovascular treatment instruments for vascular surgery, in particular to an ultrafast laser galvanometer scanning coupling method. Background technique [0002] Thromboembolism is a type of disease that seriously endangers human life and health. It is caused by solid masses formed by blood components in living hearts or blood vessels. It can be divided into arterial thromboembolism and venous thromboembolism. Arterial thromboembolism can lead to limb pain, numbness or movement disorders, organ ischemia or even necrosis, cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction, etc., and venous thrombosis can cause pulmonary embolism. The mortality rate of thrombotic diseases is very high, which seriously endangers people's health and causes a heavy social and economic burden. The traditional thrombus treatment adopts surgical thrombectomy. At present, more mature technologies include incision and thrombectomy, cathet...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the application of excimer laser in the field of thrombus ablation still has the problem of low efficiency and high heat. Topaz et al. used excimer laser for intracoronary thrombus ablation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Shammas et al. applied this technology to subacute arterial embolism of the lower extremities Ineffective ablation and different degrees of thermal damage occurred in all patients.

At the same time, excimer laser equipment has large optical pulse energy jitter, low electro-optic efficiency, high power consumption, bulky and heavy equipment, short life of laser working materials (usually thousands of hours), high maintenance costs, and more importantly, the technology is protected by patents. Protection, equipment and consumables need to be imported, and medical expenses are expensive, which limits the popularization of this technology in domestic clinical applications

[0005] In addition, due to the limited ablation area of ​​a single optical fiber, the ablation efficiency is greatly limited and the time required for the operation is increased. Single laser power scheme, which will obviously increase the cost of equipment and increase the difficulty of equipment manufacturing and promotion

At present, the existing excimer laser adopts the method of directly coupling the laser beam generated by the excimer laser source with the laser catheter. In order to enable all optical fibers to receive laser energy, the actual area of ​​the irradiated light field is larger than the receiving area, which will not only reduce the energy generated Waste (about 20% of the energy loss in the existing scheme, US5383199), and, due to the limitation of the excimer laser frequency, the thermal effect cannot be ignored in the specific implementation, and cold processing cannot be truly realized. The uniform laser beam is directly coupled with multiple bundles of optical fibers, and some excimer The laser will irradiate the organic cladding part of the optical fiber. After long-term high-power excimer laser irradiation, the outer coating will be oxidatively denatured and blackened, resulting in damage to the laser catheter.

This greatly limits the service life of the excimer laser catheter, and even the catheter may need to be replaced during an operation, which not only increases the financial burden of the patient, but also prolongs the operation time, and therefore the extra operations may increase the intraoperative risk

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