Compositions for carbon dioxide separation using steam regeneration, and method for preparing same

Abstract

Compositions and methods of preparing the compositions are disclosed for sorbents and other surfaces that can adsorb and desorb carbon dioxide. A sorbent or surface can include a metal compound such as an alkali or alkaline earth compound and a support. The sorbent can be prepared by several methods, including an incipient wetness technique. The sorbents have a CO2 adsorption and desorption profile. A sorbent having high levels of a metal compound and adsorbed CO2 is disclosed.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application, filed Jul. 8, 2014 under 35 U.S.C. §119(c), claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61 / 843,759, filed Jul. 8, 2013, entitled “Compositions for Carbon Dioxide Separation Using Stem Regeneration, and Method for Preparing Same,” the entire contents and substance of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth below.STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH[0002]Portions of this disclosure were made with Government support under Grant Number DE-NT0005497, awarded by The Department of Energy. The Government may have certain rights in the disclosure.TECHNICAL FIELD[0003]The various embodiments of the disclosure relate generally to processes, methods, and systems for the separation of CO2 from mixed gas streams using an essentially isothermal cyclic adsorption process. It is particularly useful for CO2 capture from combustion gases and can be used for other applications such as nat...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent text describes a process for making a sorbent that can capture and release carbon dioxide from gas streams. The sorbent consists of a support and a metal compound. The metal compound can be a metal salt or an organometallic complex. The support can be made of alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, silica, or clay. The metal compound can make up at least 5% of the sorbent. The sorbent can also have a greater capacity for carbon dioxide than for water, and can adsorb or desorb carbon dioxide based on the relative concentration of carbon dioxide and water in the gas stream. The sorbent can be used in a carbon dioxide-water equilibrium system to adsorb or desorb carbon dioxide and water. The method for making the sorbent involves treating the support with a solution containing the metal compound and a solvent, and then drying the treated support. The technical effects of this patent include the ability to capture and release carbon dioxide from gas streams using a simple process, and the development of a new sorbent with improved carbon dioxide capacity and selectivity.

Problems solved by technology

The quantities of combustion gas produced in electric power generation are very large because of the scale of furnaces and turbines used.

The challenge for flue gas CO2 capture is to do it efficiently to minimize the cost.

All post-combustion CO2 capture technologies suffer from the disadvantage that the CO2 in the flue gas is present at low pressure (just about 1 atm) and in low concentrations (3 to 15%).

A large amount of energy is needed to separate the CO2.

In absorption / adsorption processes to capture CO2, the energy needed to regenerate the sorbent or solvent is a large cost element.

Applying PSA to atmospheric flue gas separation would have high energy consumption requirements (due the requirement to pull a hard vacuum when removing CO2 from a flue gas) and capital costs because of the large pressure ratios required to enable complete desorption of the CO2.

Images