Preparation method of super-thermite Al/PbO nano-composite energetic material

Abstract

The invention discloses a super-thermite Al / PbO nano-composite energetic material and a preparation method thereof. The super-thermite Al / PbO nano-composite energetic material consists of nano-grade aluminum powder and PbO, wherein the molar ratio of aluminum powder to PbO is (1:3)-(1:1), the grain diameter of aluminum powder is 20-100nm, and the grain diameter of obtained nano-composite energetic material is 50nm-150nm. The method comprises the following steps: respectively dissolving organic or inorganic lead salt and organic or inorganic base in alcoholic solution; dissolving completely, mixing the alcoholic solution of the lead salt and the base to generate lacte sol; and finally adding nano aluminum powder, completely mixing, filtering, washing and drying. The method has simple process, convenient operation and high safety performance and is easy to control, and the obtained nano-composite energetic material Al / PbO has excellent catalytic effect on the combustion of a double-base solid propellant when being taken as a combustion catalyst, thus significantly improving the burning speed of the propellant and reducing the pressure exponent.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a super thermite Al / PbO nano-composite energetic material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of nano-material preparation, and the nano-composite energetic material can be used as a combustion catalyst of a double-base propellant. Background technique [0002] Double base propellant is a kind of high-energy fuel used in rockets and missiles, but its disadvantages are low burning rate and high pressure index, and it is necessary to add combustion catalyst to adjust the combustion performance. Studies have found that adding an appropriate amount of lead catalyst to the double-base propellant can not only increase the burning rate, but also achieve the characteristics of "platform" or "Mesa" combustion. However, with the continuous development and improvement of rocket and missile technology, the requirements for the power source-propellant are also getting higher and higher, so it is necessary to d...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] At present, the preparation methods of MIC mainly include the mechanical physical compound method (Sanders V E, Asay B W, Foley T J, et al.Journal of Propulsion and Power. (2007) 707-714), which is simple but difficult to make ultrafine powder Tightly mixed, and the prepared sample has inhomogeneous grain size and inhomogeneous distribution, and it is easy to introduce some impurities to pollute between the particle surface and the interface, and the purity is not high; the sol-gel chemical method (Tillotson TM, Gash A E, Simpson RL, et al.Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids.(2001) 338-345), the purity and uniform dispersion of the sample prepared by this method are better, but the porosity of the final composite makes it It is not advisable in the application, that is, it is limited by the use of gel-type materials, and at the same time, it is difficult to increase the productivity due to the need to introduce nano-aluminum powder with a very precise gel formation period in the stirred solution. In addition, The preparation process of this method is cumbersome, the preparation cycle is long, and high-pressure equipment is required when supercritical drying is used, and the cost is high; reaction inhibition grinding technology (Dreizin E L, Schoenitz M.US Patent Application 20060053970.2006), this process is flexible and versatile, and its maximum The limitation of this method is that before the mechanically triggered self-sustaining reaction, the time point for interrupting the grinding process is not easy to control, the uniformity of product dispersion is not good, and the safety of the ball mill operation needs to be studied when using this method to prepare

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