Method for three-phase extraction one-step separation of platinum, palladium and rhodium from leaching solution of precious metal catalyst

A precious metal catalyst and leaching solution technology, applied in the direction of improving process efficiency, etc., can solve the problems that the three-phase extraction system is not suitable and the acidity of the medium solution should not be too high, and achieve the effect of simplifying the process flow and high separation selectivity

Active Publication Date: 2011-04-06
INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the published literatures are all aimed at three-phase extraction and separation systems containing base metal cations such as copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, zinc, etc., and the acidity of the applicable medium solution should not be too high, generally only applicable within the pH range
Because platinum, palladium and rhodium ions gener

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028] Take 10 mL of platinum-palladium-rhodium mixed solution containing free hydrochloric acid at a concentration of 1 mol / L, add ammonium sulfate at 30% by weight, stir and dissolve, then add acetonitrile according to the volume ratio of acetonitrile:platinum-palladium-rhodium mixed solution at a volume ratio of 1:1. Then, a hexane solution of diisoamyl sulfide S201 having the same volume as the previous two-phase solution was added. The weight of diisoamyl sulfide S201 accounts for 50% of the weight of the hexane solution. The above mixture system was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, and then stood still to separate the phases to obtain three immiscible coexisting liquid phases (hexane phase-acetonitrile phase-water phase). Analyze the content of platinum, palladium and rhodium in three liquid phases respectively, and it can be known that the weight of palladium in the hexane phase containing diisoamyl sulfide S201 accounts for 90.2% by weight of the total weigh...

Embodiment 2

[0030] Take 10 mL of platinum-palladium-rhodium mixed solution containing free hydrochloric acid at a concentration of 2 mol / L, and add sodium chloride by 40% by weight. After stirring and dissolving, add tributyl phosphate TBP in nitromethane at a volume ratio of 1:1. Tributyl phosphate TBP accounts for 20% by weight of the nitromethane solution. Then, a nonane solution of diisoamyl sulfide S201 having the same volume as the previous two-phase solution was added. The weight of diisoamyl sulfide S201 accounts for 30% of the weight of the nonane solution. The above-mentioned mixture system was mixed at room temperature for 5 minutes, and then stood still to separate the phases to obtain three immiscible coexisting liquid phases (nonane phase-nitromethane phase-water phase). Analyze the content of platinum, palladium and rhodium in three liquid phases respectively, and it can be seen that the weight of palladium in the nonane phase containing diisoamyl sulfide S201 accounts fo...

Embodiment 3

[0032] Take 10 mL of platinum-palladium-rhodium mixed solution containing free sulfuric acid at a concentration of 1 mol / L, and add sodium sulfate by 40% by weight. After stirring and dissolving, add the nitromethane solution of trialkyl tertiary amine N235 at a volume ratio of 1:1. The weight of trialkyl tertiary amine N235 accounts for 30% of the weight of the nitromethane solution. Then, a hexane solution of diisoamyl sulfide S201 having the same volume as the previous two-phase solution was added. The weight of diisoamyl sulfide S201 accounts for 50% of the weight of the hexane solution. The above mixture system was shaken at room temperature for 10 minutes, and then centrifuged to separate the phases to obtain three immiscible coexisting liquid phases (hexane phase-nitromethane phase-water phase). Analyze respectively the content of platinum palladium rhodium in three liquid phases and know that the weight of palladium in the hexane phase containing diisoamyl sulfide S2...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for three-phase extraction one-step separation of platinum, palladium and rhodium from leaching solution of a precious metal catalyst, which belongs to the technical field of solvent extraction and separation of the platinum, the palladium and the rhodium. The separation of the platinum, the palladium and the rhodium can be completed by adding hydrochloride, sulfate, nitrate or phosphate of sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium into two non-polar and polar organic phases which can not be mixed and water solution containing the platinum, the palladium and the rhodium, and carrying out phase mixing under room temperature for obtaining a three-phase system. The separation of the platinum, the palladium and the rhodium can also be completed by adding a macromoleclar polymer and the hydrochloride, the sulfate, the nitrate or the phosphate containing the sodium, the potassium, the lithium or the ammonium into the water solution containing the platinum, the palladium and the rhodium according to proportion, further adding a non-polar organic solvent and carrying out the phase mixing under the room temperature for obtaining three phases. The method can simultaneously separate three phases of the platinum, the palladium and the rhodium with high separation selectivity from the failure extraction solution of a vehicle catalyst during the extraction process, and effectively simplify the existing lengthy and tedious two-phase extraction and separation process.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solvent extraction and separation of platinum, palladium and rhodium, in particular to a method for one-step separation of platinum, palladium and rhodium from a precious metal catalyst leaching solution by three-phase extraction. Background technique [0002] Platinum, palladium, rhodium and other precious metals are widely used in modern high-tech, national defense, aerospace and navigation, new energy development, chemical industry, petrochemical, glass fiber, electronic and electrical instruments, ecological and environmental pollution due to their unique and excellent various physical and chemical properties. Governance and national economic construction are widely used in major industrial fields, known as "the vitamin of modern industry" and "the first high-tech metal", and are indispensable and irreplaceable "key strategic resources" for the development of the pillar industries of the national econo...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B3/34C22B11/00
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 黄焜刘会洲于品华张超安震涛
Owner INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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