Comprehensive processing and utilizing method for heavy oil

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of petroleum processing and utilization, and relates to a comprehensive processing and utilizing method for heavy oil. By integrating quick cracking of the heavy oil, pre-combustion and gasification of the generated coke, recycling of non-converted heavy oil, hydrogen production by synthetic gas generated through gasification, and a hydrofining process for cracked oil products, light oil can be prepared from the heavy oil to the greatest degree, the light oil is hydrogenated to form high-quality clean oil products, and also can generate the synthetic gas through gasification, and the synthetic gas can serve as a hydrogen production raw material to provide a cheap hydrogen source for oil product hydrofining, and also can serve as fuel gas to provide clean fuel for a refinery. The invention provides a low-cost comprehensive processing and utilizing method for converting the heavy oil into clean light oil products to the greatest degree.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of petroleum processing and utilization, and relates to a method for comprehensive processing and utilization of heavy oil. Specifically, the present invention organically combines the rapid cracking of heavy oil, the pre-combustion and gasification of coke produced, the re-refining of unconverted heavy oil, the production of hydrogen from synthesis gas generated by gasification, and the hydrofining of cracked oil, so that the heavy oil Not only can light oil be obtained to the maximum extent, high-quality clean oil can be obtained after light oil hydrogenation, but also synthesis gas can be produced through gasification. Synthesis gas can be used as hydrogen production raw material to provide cheap hydrogen source for oil hydrofinishing, and can As fuel gas to provide clean fuel for refineries, etc. The invention is a low-cost comprehensive processing and utilization method for maximally converting heavy oil into clea...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Heavy oil catalytic cracking is a very effective heavy oil processing technology, which has made great contributions to the world's oil refining industry, but it has strict restrictions on the properties of raw materials, such as carbon residue ≯ 12%, heavy metal ≯ 20ppm, etc., which cannot be processed more and more Increased low-quality heavy oil; delayed coking process has almost no restrictions on raw materials, but its coke formation rate is too high and it is not economical when crude oil prices are high, and one of its main products, sulfur-containing petroleum coke, is not the target product; The products of heavy oil hydrocracking are all ideal target products, but the expensive equipment discourages many users, and another problem is that it requires a large amount of hydrogen. How to obtain this hydrogen has also become an unavoidable problem in the application of heavy oil hydrocracking

Heavy oil hydrodesulfurization (upgrading) can produce clean low-sulfur liquid fuel oil or provide raw materials for heavy oil catalytic cracking, but there are certain restrictions on the properties of raw materials, such as heavy metals≯120ppm, etc., and there are also problems with expensive equipment and hydrogen sources

In the past, people have combined the above processes, or combined them with methods such as solvent deasphalting, thermal cracking, CFB boiler power generation, and water coke slurry gasification. production mismatch, etc., it is difficult to ideally deal with the increasing number of low-quality heavy oil for comprehensive processing and utilization

[0004] At present, the delayed coking-CFB boiler combined heat and power combined process and the delayed coking-water coke slurry gasification polygeneration combined process commonly used in large-scale petrochemical plants have made the inferior heavy oil comprehensively processed and utilized, but due to petroleum coke It must go through the process of cooling, processing, and heating again, resulting in high energy consumption, long process, and low conversion rate of heavy oil raw materials

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