Methods of using hydrofluoroethers as heat transfer fluids

A heat transfer fluid, heat transfer technology, used in heat exchange materials, chemical instruments and methods, organic chemistry, etc., can solve problems such as difficult to predict performance, achieve good heat transfer characteristics, low conductivity, high dielectric strength Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-07-18
3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES CO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Therefore, its physical properties can change over

Method used

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  • Methods of using hydrofluoroethers as heat transfer fluids
  • Methods of using hydrofluoroethers as heat transfer fluids

Examples

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example

[0063] All parts, percentages, ratios, etc. in the examples, as well as in the remainder of this specification, are by weight unless otherwise indicated. In the following examples, the abbreviation "GC" refers to gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (uncorrected response factor); "IR" refers to infrared spectroscopy, and "GC / MS" refers to combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method; "NMR" (eg, 1 H. 19 F. 13 C) means nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; "mL" means milliliter, "mol" means mole; and "g" means gram.

[0064] The specific heat capacity (Cp) was determined using a Perkin Elmer Pyris 1 DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimeter, DSC) (Analytical Instruments No. 294). Samples were weighed using a Perkin Elmer microbalance (Analytical Instruments No. 289). A "three-curve" method was employed, in which an empty DSC pan, a sapphire heat capacity calibration pan, and the sample material were scanned. Perkin Elmer thermal analysis software calcul...

preparation example A

[0066] Preparation of 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonic acid-2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutyl ester .

[0067]2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutan-1-ol (202 g, 1.1 mol, obtained from Sinochem Company (Beijing, China)), 1,1,2,2,3,3,4 , 4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonyl fluoride (332 g, 1.1 mol, from 3M Company, Saint Paul, Minnesota) and water (300 g) were combined in a 3 L, 3 necked round bottom flask. The flask was equipped with a magnetic stirrer, cold water condenser, thermocouple and a 250 mL addition funnel. Aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (149.3 g, 45 wt%, 1.22 equiv) was added dropwise via an addition funnel at such a rate that the temperature did not exceed 35°C. Once the base addition was complete, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The precipitated salts are then filtered off from the mixture, and the lower liquid fluorochemical product phase is separated from the upper aqueous phase. Remove unreacted 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutan-1-ol and ...

preparation example B

[0069] Preparation of 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonic acid-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ester .

[0070] 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropan-1-ol (202g, 1.52mol, obtained from Sinochem Company), 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane - 1-sulfonyl fluoride (465 g, 1.52 mol, from 3M Company) and water (500 g) were combined in a 3-liter, 3-neck round bottom flask. The flask was equipped with a magnetic stirrer, cold water condenser, thermocouple and addition funnel. Aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (45 wt%, 211.5 g, 1.7 mol, from Aldrich Chemical Co. (Milwaukee, Wisconsin)) was added dropwise via an addition funnel at such a rate that the temperature did not exceed 35°C. Once the potassium hydroxide addition was complete, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The precipitated salts are then filtered off from the mixture, and the lower liquid fluorochemical product phase is separated from the upper aqueous phase. Removal of unreacted 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropr...

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Abstract

An apparatus is provided that includes a device and a mechanism for heat transfer. The mechanism includes a hydrofluoroether heat-transfer fluid wherein the heat transfer fluid is represented by the following structure: Y-Rf-CH2OCH2Rf-Y wherein Rf may be the same or different and is, independently, selected from the group consisting of perfluorinated alkylene groups which may be linear, cyclic, or branched having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, partially fluorinated alkylene groups having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and derivatives thereof wherein one or more carbon atoms are replaced by catenated nitrogen or oxygen heteroatoms, wherein each Rf contains at most one hydrogen atom, wherein Y represents H, F, or an RfCH2OCH2- group, and wherein the total number of carbon atoms in the molecule is at least 6.; A method of transferring heat including the device and the provided heat-transfer fluid is also provided.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to apparatus and methods comprising hydrofluoroethers as heat transfer fluids. Background technique [0002] Currently, a variety of fluids are used for heat transfer. The suitability of the heat transfer fluid depends on the application process. For example, certain electronic applications require heat transfer fluids that are inert, have high dielectric strength, have low toxicity, have good environmental properties, and have good heat transfer properties over a broad temperature range. Other applications require precise temperature control and therefore require the heat transfer fluid to be a single phase over the entire processing temperature range, and require the properties of the heat transfer fluid to be predictable, i.e. the composition remains relatively constant so that the viscosity, boiling point, etc. Precise temperatures are maintained and thus equipment can be properly designed. [0003] Perfluorocarbons...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C09K5/04C07C19/08
CPCC09K5/10
Inventor 理查德·M·弗林迈克尔·G·科斯特洛迈克尔·J·布林斯基
Owner 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES CO
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