Method for efficiently separating acetylene gas

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for efficiently separating acetylene gas. In the method, a cooling tower, a water scrubbing tower, a nash-elmo unit, a clean tower, a neutralizing tower and a cooler which are sequentially connected are comprised; the difficult problem that acetylene gas is difficult to clean in the dry-method production process of acetylene is solved by adopting methods of replacing filler in the water scrubbing tower and the clean tower into novel high-efficiency filler, changing a material for producing a spray head of a spraying pipe, adding a liquid distributor in the clean tower and the like, and further the method for efficiently separating the acetylene gas is provided. According to the method, impurities such as P and S in the acetylene gas can be desorbed; the poisoning on an accelerant in a subsequent working section due to the impurities such as P and S is effectively avoided; the utilization rate of resources is improved; and the quality of products is remarkably improved. The method disclosed by the invention can be widely applied to an efficient separation technology of the acetylene gas and is especially suitable for methods for efficiently separating the acetylene gas in the production process of polyvinyl chloride by a calcium carbide method.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for efficiently separating acetylene gas, which is particularly suitable for the method for efficiently separating acetylene gas in the production of polyvinyl chloride by calcium carbide method. Background technique [0002] In the production of polyvinyl chloride by calcium carbide method, because the raw material calcium carbide contains CaS, Ca 2 Si, CaP 2 , Ca 3 P 2 , Ca 3 As 2 and other impurities, calcium carbide generates H during the hydrolysis process 2 S.PH 3 Irreversible adsorption with mercuric chloride catalyst destroys its active center and accelerates catalyst failure. At the same time, the pH in acetylene gas 3 The existence of acetylene reduces the spontaneous ignition point of acetylene, and it will burn in contact with air and endanger the safety of production. Therefore, acetylene gas must go through a cleaning process to remove H2 before it is sent to the conversion process. 2 S.PH ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are some problems in the existing acetylene gas separation technology: First, the packing used for cleaning acetylene has poor corrosion resistance, low water mist and dust collection capacity, and low anti-blocking performance, which causes the packing to easily scale and reduce the mass transfer effect. Increased pressure drop, reduced processing capacity of crude acetylene, low service life and increased cost; Second, in the process of dry acetylene cleaning, the distribution holes of the traditional liquid distributor are set at the bottom of the distributor, and some distribution holes are easily destroyed by solid particles and Suspended solids blockage, resulting in uneven distribution, resulting in difficult removal of small liquid droplets entrained in the gas phase and easy corrosion of equipment in the process

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