Silicon-dioxide aerogel heat insulation composite material and preparation method thereof

A technology of silica and composite materials, applied in the field of material preparation, can solve the problems of increasing the solid heat conduction of the material, the influence of the mechanical properties of the material, and the non-uniform structure, so as to achieve the effect of firm interface bonding, improved mechanical properties, and enhanced bonding force.

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-04-03
TIANJIN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Publication No. CN1196036A Chinese invention application provides a method for preparing composite materials containing fibers. The method selects airgel particles with a particle size greater than 0.5mm as a matrix, adds fibers and binders, and manufactures them under a certain temperature and pressure. However, the addition of adhesives will increase the solid heat conduction of the material, and the airgel particles and the reinforcement phase are combined by molding or casting, making the structure not very uniform, so there are more in the material structure. The micropores and macropores increase the gas heat conduction of the material, and the uneven structure may also cause internal stress in the material structure, and the mechanical properties of the material will also be affected

Method used

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  • Silicon-dioxide aerogel heat insulation composite material and preparation method thereof
  • Silicon-dioxide aerogel heat insulation composite material and preparation method thereof
  • Silicon-dioxide aerogel heat insulation composite material and preparation method thereof

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0030] Prepare some 0.1mol / L nitric acid solution, weigh the sepiolite fiber according to the acid solution to fiber mass ratio of 14, add the weighed sepiolite fiber into the prepared nitric acid solution, and mechanically stir for 12 hours. Filtrating the acid-treated sepiolite suspension, stirring and dispersing the obtained filter cake in distilled water for washing, repeatedly washing with distilled water for 3 times, then washing with ethanol once, and drying the washed sepiolite fibers; Weigh the acid-treated sepiolite fiber according to the mass ratio of alkali solution to fiber of 10, add the weighed fiber to 1mol / L NaOH solution for 1 hour, and wash the sepiolite fiber repeatedly with distilled water for 3 times after alkali treatment , and then washed once with ethanol, the mass ratio of the washing solution to the fiber was 15 in each washing process, and the washed sepiolite fiber was dried at 80° C. for use. Tetraethyl orthosilicate, ethanol, water and 0.15mol / L ...

Embodiment 2

[0033] Prepare some 2mol / L hydrochloric acid solution, weigh the attapulgite fiber according to the acid solution to fiber mass ratio of 20, add the weighed attapulgite fiber into the prepared hydrochloric acid solution, and mechanically stir for 36 hours. Filtrating the attapulgite suspension after the acid treatment, stirring and dispersing the obtained filter cake in distilled water for washing, repeatedly washing with distilled water for 5 times, then washing twice with ethanol, and drying the cleaned attapulgite fiber; Weigh the acid-treated sepiolite fiber according to the mass ratio of the alkali solution to the fiber at 8, add the weighed fiber to a 0.1mol / L KOH solution for 0.5h, and repeat the alkali-treated attapulgite fiber with distilled water Washing 5 times, and then washing twice with ethanol, the mass ratio of the washing solution to the fiber is 10 in each washing process, and the attapulgite fiber after cleaning is dried at 80° C. for use. Tetraethyl orthosi...

Embodiment 3

[0036] Prepare a number of 1mol / L nitric acid solutions, weigh the sepiolite fibers according to the mass ratio of the acid solution to the fiber being 8, add the weighed sepiolite fibers into the prepared nitric acid solution, and stir for 48 hours. Filter the sepiolite suspension after the acid treatment, stir and disperse the obtained filter cake in distilled water, wash once with distilled water, and wash three times with ethanol. Dry the cleaned sepiolite fiber; weigh the acid-treated sepiolite fiber according to the alkali solution and fiber mass ratio of 5, add the weighed fiber to 0.5mol / L NaOH solution for 2h, and After the alkali treatment, the sepiolite fiber was repeatedly washed with distilled water for 4 times, and then washed with ethanol for 3 times. The mass ratio of the washing liquid to the fiber in each washing process was 25, and the cleaned sepiolite fiber was dried at 80°C. Dry and set aside. Tetraethyl orthosilicate, ethanol, water and 0.15mol / L nitric...

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Abstract

The invention provides a fiber-reinforced silicon-dioxide aerogel heat insulation composite material and a preparation method thereof. According to the preparation method, mineral fibers with high mechanical strength, low heat conductivity and good heat stability serve as a reinforcing phase, silicon alcoholate serves as a precursor, fiber-composite silicon-dioxide wet gel is prepared by adopting an acid-base two-step catalysis method, and the block-shaped fiber-reinforced silicon-dioxide aerogel heat insulation composite material is then obtained through aging, modification, solvent displacement and supercritical drying. The prepared aerogel heat insulation composite material has the advantages of excellent mechanical property, good heat-insulating property and higher heat resistance. The aerogel composite material has a three-dimensional porous network-like structure, the compatibility between fibers and an aerogel matrix is good, the interfacial bonding is firm, and no obvious interfaces exist; and according to the block-shaped aerogel composite material, the density is 0.15-0.25 g / cm<3>, the compressive strength is 10%, the strain energy reaches 0.4-2.0MPa, and the coefficient of heat conductivity is 0.016-0.027 W / mK.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of material preparation, and relates to a silica airgel thermal insulation composite material and a preparation method. Background technique [0002] With its unique nanoporous structure, silica airgel exhibits unique properties in thermal, optical, electrical, acoustic and other aspects. In terms of heat, heat transfer mainly passes through three ways, solid heat conduction, gas heat conduction and radiation heat conduction. Since the porosity of silica airgel can generally reach more than 90%, the density is low, and it has a special porous network structure. On the one hand, the solid phase accounts for a small proportion of the entire airgel volume and the curved path of the network structure largely prevents solid heat conduction. On the other hand, silica airgel is a mesoporous material, and most of the pores are distributed below 50nm, smaller than The mean free path of air molecules is 70nm, which makes it di...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C04B28/24
Inventor 李海龙李晓雷季惠明孙晓红焦玉娜
Owner TIANJIN UNIV
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