Water-soluble small molecule pyridinium photoelectric material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a water-soluble small molecule pyridinium photoelectric material. The method comprises the following steps of: adding pyridine and acetonitrile into a reaction container, heating and stirring the materials, adding a bromomethyl or chloromethylated aromatic heterocyclic compound to the reaction container, cooling the materials to room temperature after the reaction is finished, and removing the solvent under a pressure reduced condition, thus obtaining a coarse product; dissolving the coarse product through methanol, precipitating and filtering the dissolved product for multiple times, and performing vacuum drying on the product to obtain the final product; or dissolving the coarse product through methanol, adding a sodium salt solution containing an anion group to the product, stirring the solution and the product for two days, removing the solvent under a pressure reduced condition, washing and drying the mixture for multiple times, and performing vacuum drying on the dried mixture to obtain the final product. The water-soluble small molecule pyridinium photoelectric material is determinate in structure and molecular weight and is easily purified, avoids the problem that the batch of a polymer interface material is instable, and has the advantages of high water solubility, film-forming property, film morphology stability, high eletrophilicity, deep lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level and low electron injection / extracting energy barrier.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a water-soluble pyridinium salt photoelectric material based on small organic molecules, in particular to a water-soluble small molecule pyridinium salt photoelectric material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In the research of organic optoelectronic devices, the application of electron injection / extraction interface materials plays an important role in the improvement of device efficiency, lifetime and stability, and the research in this area is becoming more and more in-depth and extensive. In terms of electron injection / transport materials, due to the good thermal stability, high triplet energy level and excellent electron mobility of materials containing pyridine groups, they can make electrons and A better balance of holes improves the efficiency of the device; at the same time, a class of polymer interface materials based on pyridine groups, with their good film-forming properties, solution ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] In the research of this kind of pyridine-based materials, most of them are evaporation-type small molecules. Although they have achieved excellent performance in the application of OLEDs, the complicated device manufacturing process and high-cost vacuum evaporation process make them There are many difficulties in large-scale industrial production; of course, a class of polymer materials containing pyridine groups has also begun to be used in polymer solar cells, but the molecular weight, purity and structure of the polymer itself are uncertain, and it is difficult to guarantee different batches of polymer materials. Performance stability of secondary materials

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