Method for enhancing electrostatic spinning nanofiber membrane

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for enhancing an electrostatic spinning nanofiber membrane. The blending electrostatic spinning-hot rolling bonding net fixing technology which can effectively improve the strength of the electrostatic spinning nanofiber membrane is provided. The method for enhancing the electrostatic spinning nanofiber membrane is characterized in that interphase blending electrostatic spinning is conducted through multiple types of thermoplastic high polymers with the fusion point at least 20 DEG C lower than that of other components or low-fusion-point thermoplastic high polymers and non-thermoplastic high polymers, electrostatic spinning jet flows of the components are distributed frontwards and backwards in the moving direction of a receiving device, and fibers are distributed randomly in a staggered mode; after hot rolling is conducted on a blending electrostatic spinning fiber membrane, the blending electrostatic spinning fiber membrane is treated, the hot pressing temperature is slightly higher than the fusion starting temperature of the low-fusion-point thermoplastic high polymers, time ranges from 1min to 10min, the pressure ranges from 1MPa to 20MPa, after hot pressing is conducted, part of the low-fusion-point thermoplastic high polymers is fused, point adhesion is generated on the nanofiber intersection portions, and a hole is not blocked. The method for enhancing the electrostatic spinning nanofiber membrane has the advantages that the strength of the prepared enhanced electrostatic spinning nanofiber membrane is far higher than that of a common electrostatic spinning membrane and original good performance of the electrostatic spinning nanofiber membrane can be kept.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a reinforcement technology of electrospinning nanofiber membranes, in particular to a method for enhancing point bonding between nanofibers by mixing low-melting thermoplastic polymers for electrospinning and then hot rolling. Background technique [0002] Electrospinning technology is a technology that uses electrostatic field force to produce nanofiber materials, which has been widely and deeply researched at home and abroad in recent years. Nanofiber nonwovens / membranes (electrospun membranes) prepared by electrospinning technology have many excellent properties, such as strong selectivity of polymer raw materials, and solution and / or melt electrospinning can be performed for different types of raw materials; the obtained electrospun The membrane has high porosity, small pore size and uniform distribution, adjustable fiber fineness, controllable film thickness, and has the advantages of isotropy, high filtration efficiency, ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] (2) Reinforced by the base fabric or compounded with other materials. For example, in the patent application number 201010113456.0, the mesh cloth is used to cover the receiving electrode, so that the electrospun nanofiber is combined with the mesh cloth to enhance the strength of the electrospun membrane; another example is the application number: In the patent of 201310036655.X, electrospun membranes and needle-punched / spunlace non-woven fabrics are hot-rolled and composited to prepare reinforced composite nanofiber materials. This method uses materials with higher strength to overcome the low strength of electrospun nanofiber membranes. However, increasing the thickness of the film and introducing unnecessary other polymer components restricts its application in many fields;

[0007] (3) Electrospinning with high-performance polymers: For example, in the patent application number 201010501343.8, polyamic acid is used for electrospinning, and the polyimide film prepared by thermal imidization has a strength of up to 24MPa, which is This method is only limited to specific polymers and does not have universal applicability;

[0009] (5) Miscible electrospinning - hot (melt) treatment: Gao Kun's research also found that the miscible electrospinning of PVDF / PEO two-component polymers found that the strength of the 7:3 miscible electrospun membrane reached 14.9MPa , the strength of the miscible electrospun membrane increased to 16.1MPa after hot-melt treatment under the optimal conditions, and the strength of the electrospun membrane did not increase substantially

[0010] The aforementioned electrospun membrane reinforcement method can improve the strength of nanofibers to a certain extent, thereby improving the strength of electrospun nanofiber membranes, but effective bonding between fibers still cannot occur, and the mechanical strength of electrospun membranes cannot be improved as a whole. , has a very limited

[0011] (6) Chemical bonding treatment: For example, in the patent application number 201110003226.3, a solution of a moisture-curing reactive polyurethane prepolymer with a highly reactive isocyanate group is used to treat the two-component electrostatic bonding of the polymer resin and polyurethane. Soaking the spun membrane can make the nanofibers bond to each other and improve the strength of the membrane, but this method is cumbersome to operate and the degree is difficult to control, so it is not suitable for industrial promotion and use

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