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A kind of heavy metal adsorption composite membrane and preparation method thereof

A composite membrane, heavy metal technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, adsorption water/sewage treatment, other chemical processes, etc., can solve problems such as difficult post-treatment, and achieve fast adsorption rate, high removal rate, and good adsorption performance.

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-01-27
XINJIANG TECHN INST OF PHYSICS & CHEM CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, traditional adsorption materials (such as: activated carbon, activated alumina, zeolite, non-metallic clay ore, etc.) are mostly powder or granular, and when they are used to treat heavy metal pollution in watersheds such as rivers and lakes, the pollutants will be released with time. The adsorbent particles settle into the bottom mud of the river bed, resulting in the same secondary pollution and post-treatment difficulties as the coagulation-sedimentation method.

Method used

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  • A kind of heavy metal adsorption composite membrane and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0034] Example 1: Heavy metal adsorption composite film polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol 01 (PVA-SA-PVA01)

[0035] a, dissolving the film-forming macromolecular polyvinyl alcohol containing hydroxyl functional groups in water, and preparing an aqueous solution whose mass volume concentration is 2.5%;

[0036] B, dissolving the nitrogen-containing cationic polymer chitosan with an acetic acid solution, and preparing a solution with a mass volume concentration of 2%;

[0037] c, dissolving the anionic high polymer sodium alginate containing carboxylate ions in water, and preparing a solution with a mass volume concentration of 2%;

[0038] d, dissolving the film-forming macromolecular polyvinyl alcohol containing the hydroxyl functional group in water, and preparing an aqueous solution whose mass volume concentration is 5%;

[0039] e. At room temperature, take 10mL of the polyvinyl alcohol solution obtained in step a and pour it into four 10×15cm glass moul...

Embodiment 2

[0043] Example 2: Heavy metal adsorption composite film polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol 05 (PVA-SA-PVA05)

[0044] a, dissolving the film-forming macromolecular polyvinyl alcohol containing hydroxyl functional groups in water, and preparing an aqueous solution whose mass volume concentration is 2.5%;

[0045] B, dissolving the nitrogen-containing cationic polymer chitosan with an acetic acid solution, and preparing a solution with a mass volume concentration of 2%;

[0046] c, dissolving the anionic high polymer sodium alginate containing carboxylate ions in water, and preparing a solution with a mass volume concentration of 2%;

[0047] d, dissolving the film-forming macromolecular polyvinyl alcohol containing the hydroxyl functional group in water, and preparing an aqueous solution whose mass volume concentration is 5%;

[0048] e. At room temperature, take 10mL of the polyvinyl alcohol solution with a mass volume concentration of 2.5% obtained in step a...

Embodiment 3

[0052] Example 3: Heavy metal adsorption composite film polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol 125 (PVA-SA-PVA125)

[0053] a, dissolving the film-forming macromolecular polyvinyl alcohol containing hydroxyl functional groups in water, and preparing an aqueous solution whose mass volume concentration is 2.5%;

[0054] B, dissolving the nitrogen-containing cationic polymer chitosan with an acetic acid solution, and preparing a solution with a mass volume concentration of 2%;

[0055] c, dissolving the anionic high polymer sodium alginate containing carboxylate ions in water, and preparing a solution with a mass volume concentration of 2%;

[0056] d, dissolving the film-forming macromolecular polyvinyl alcohol containing the hydroxyl functional group in water, and preparing an aqueous solution whose mass volume concentration is 5%;

[0057] e. At room temperature, take 10mL of the polyvinyl alcohol solution obtained in step a and pour it into 4 pieces of 10×15cm g...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a heavy metal adsorption composite membrane and a preparation method thereof. The heavy metal adsorption composite membrane comprises two layers of basal membranes and a layer of core membrane and has a sandwich structure, wherein the basal membranes have a mass transfer function and a certain adsorption function, and the core membrane is a core unit having an adsorption effect and contains lots of heavy metal adsorption functional groups. The core membrane is clamped between the two layers of basal membranes by using a sandwiching method so as to prevent effective components in the core membrane from being dissolved and released when the composite membrane is soaked in water bodies for a long time. The composite membrane can swell and is insoluble in water, can suspend in the water bodies and adsorb heavy metal ions in the water bodies. The composite membrane has high adsorption capacity for the heavy metal ions in water bodies and high removal efficiency. The removal efficiency of the composite membrane for Pb<2+>, Hg<2+>, Cd<2+> and Cu<2+> ions can respectively reach 99.47%, 95.64%, 86.49% and 80.57%. The composite membrane loaded with the heavy metal ions can be desorbed and regenerated by using dilute acid. The desorption efficiency of the composite membrane for Pb<2+>, Cd<2+>, Cu<2+> and Hg<2+> ions can respectively be up to 96.37%, 96.10%, 94.57% and 84.52%. The regeneration performance of the membrane is good.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a heavy metal adsorption composite membrane and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a heavy metal adsorption composite membrane with a "sandwich structure" and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] At present, the problem of heavy metal pollution in my country's surface water is very serious, and heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, copper, mercury, chromium, and nickel exceed the standard very seriously. Major rivers and lakes, including the Yangtze River, Yellow River, Pearl River, Xiangjiang River, Haihe River, and Taihu Lake, are generally polluted by heavy metals to varying degrees. Due to the characteristics of high toxicity, persistence and refractory degradability, heavy metals are difficult to remove once they enter the human body, and will cause teratogenic, carcinogenic and other hazards to the human body, and may even have an impact on future generations. At present, the problem of h...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J20/22B01J20/30C02F1/28C02F1/62
Inventor 王晓焕
Owner XINJIANG TECHN INST OF PHYSICS & CHEM CHINESE ACAD OF SCI