A kind of residual oil catalyst and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention relates to a residual oil catalyst and a preparation method and application of the residual oil catalyst. The catalyst consists of active components including a Fe-containing compound modified by B-acid and a carbon-based material. When the catalyst is used for residual oil thermal hydrocracking reaction, the addition quantity of the catalyst is 0.1%-2.0% of a heavy hydrocarbon raw material by weight according to Fe. The catalyst provided by the invention is suitable for the hydrocracking process of super-thick oil and poor-quality residual oil with high content of asphaltene and metal, has the functions of cracking activity, hydrogenation activity and coking inhibition, adopts a simple preparation method, does not contain metal, and is low in cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a residual oil hydrocracking catalyst, a preparation method of the catalyst, and a residual hydrothermal cracking method using the catalyst. Background technique [0002] The problem of increasingly heavy and inferior oil resources in the world and the contradiction between the rapid economic growth and the increasing demand for petroleum products have made refineries pay more and more attention to the technology of lightening heavy oil. Among them, hydrocracking of slurry bed residue The process has strong competitiveness and good development prospects because it can handle low-quality raw materials with high carbon residue and high metal content. Catalyst is one of the core technologies of residual oil hydrocracking process. It plays a very important role in reducing reaction severity, improving reaction efficiency, increasing oil yield and reducing coke yield, thereby reducing residual oil processing cost and improving its e...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Solid powder catalyst is a kind of residual oil slurry bed hydrocracking catalyst that is widely used. For example, in the prior art of residual oil slurry bed hydrocracking, ferrous sulfate, ore powder or coal powder are used as additives. These solid powder catalysts It has good coke loading performance, but it has the disadvantages of large amount of addition, poor dispersion in raw materials, and serious wear and tear on equipment

[0005] CN1020112C proposed the hydrocracking of heavy oil in the presence of ultra-fine ferric sulfate, requiring that ferric sulfate or iron ore etc. be mixed with oil and ground to a particle size of less than 45 microns in a stirring ball mill, preferably at least 50% of the particles The particle size is less than 5 microns. Although the use of this catalyst is beneficial to reduce coke formation and improve asphalt conversion, it is easy to operate in the laboratory to grind the solid to several microns, but the industrial implementation has higher requirements for the grinding machine, and the loss is large. Difficult to achieve

[0006] CN1255407A and USP5866501 disclose a kind of dispersive fine-grained, anion-modified and phosphorus-promoted iron oxide slurry catalyst, which has a large specific surface area and a particle size less than 50 angstroms, which is used in the form of wet cake gel , but the wet cake contains at least 60% water, the introduction of this part of water will not only increase the load on the reactor, but also bring difficulties to the separation of subsequent products. After drying, it is added as a dry powder. Due to the aggregation between particles, the catalyst activity Lower, more heavy fractions

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