A kind of asymmetric cationic gemini surfactant and preparation method thereof

A Gemini surface, cationic technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, preparation of organic compounds, preparation of amino hydroxyl compounds, etc., can solve the problems of high Krafft point of products, poor acid resistance, poor alkali resistance, high viscosity of aqueous solution, etc., so as to facilitate industrialization Ease of operation, reaction, and improved emulsification stability

Active Publication Date: 2016-08-24
SHANGHAI FINE CHEM CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although this type of asymmetric cation Gemini has a slight advantage in foaming performance compared with the corresponding symmetrical cation Gemini, it still has the problem of poor acid and alkali resistance, and the double long-chain cation Gemini generally has a lower concentration. The viscosity of the aqueous solution is high and the Krafft point of the product is high, especially when the carbon number of one side reaches 16 carbons or more, even if the carbon chain on the other side is shorter, the product still has the problem of high Krafft point and poor solubility at room temperature

Method used

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  • A kind of asymmetric cationic gemini surfactant and preparation method thereof
  • A kind of asymmetric cationic gemini surfactant and preparation method thereof
  • A kind of asymmetric cationic gemini surfactant and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0077] Example 1: Preparation of 12-3(OH)-MDEA·2Cl asymmetric cationic Gemini surfactant

[0078] The first step: preparation of tertiary amine hydrochloride intermediate

[0079] In a 500ml four-necked flask equipped with a stirring device and a condensing reflux device, add 115.76 g of aqueous hydrochloric acid solution prepared in advance, containing 0.19 mol of HCl; (1) Add dropwise into the HCl aqueous solution that has been warmed up to 30° C. in advance, and maintain the temperature during the dropwise addition reaction. The rate of addition is subject to the fact that a large amount of white flocs will not gather in the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution. After the dropwise addition, keep at 30° C. and continue stirring for 0.5 h to obtain an aqueous solution of dodecyldimethyl tertiary amine hydrochloride intermediate (II). At this time, the tertiary amine hydrochloride accounts for 30% of the total mass fraction of the reaction system.

[0080] The second step: pr...

Embodiment 2

[0087] Example 2: Preparation 18 un -3(OH)-MDEA·2Cl Asymmetric Cationic Gemini Surfactant

[0088] The first step: preparation of tertiary amine hydrochloride intermediate

[0089] In a 500ml four-neck flask equipped with a stirring device and a condensing reflux device, add 199.23 g of a pre-prepared aqueous hydrochloric acid solution containing 0.2 mol of HCl; The amine (I) was added dropwise to the aqueous HCl solution warmed to 50°C in advance, and the temperature was maintained during the dropwise addition reaction. The rate of addition is subject to the fact that a large amount of white flocs will not gather in the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution. After the dropwise addition, keep at 50° C. and continue stirring for 0.5 h to obtain an aqueous solution of 9-octadecenyl dimethyl tertiary amine hydrochloride intermediate (II). At this time, the tertiary amine hydrochloride accounts for 25% of the total mass fraction of the reaction system.

[0090] The second step: p...

Embodiment 3

[0106] Example 3: Preparation of 8-3(OH)-MDEA·2Cl asymmetric cationic Gemini surfactant

[0107] The first step: preparation of tertiary amine hydrochloride intermediate

[0108] In the 500ml four-necked flask that stirring device, condensing reflux device are housed, add the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution 75.33g that prepares in advance, wherein contain HCl 0.34mol; ) was added dropwise into 20° C. HCl aqueous solution, and the temperature was maintained during the dropwise reaction. The rate of addition is subject to the fact that a large amount of white flocs will not gather in the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution. After the dropwise addition, keep at 20° C. and continue stirring for 0.5 h to obtain an aqueous solution of octyldimethyl tertiary amine hydrochloride intermediate (II). At this time, the tertiary amine hydrochloride accounts for 50% of the total mass fraction of the reaction system.

[0109] The second step: preparation of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-quat...

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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of asymmetric cationic gemini surfactant, and its molecular structure is as formula (IV), and Xˉ=Clˉ or Brˉ in the formula; And R1, R2 in the formula meet following 1) or 2): 1) R1= ‑CH3, and R2 is a long chain alkane group‑CnH2n+1, n=6~20; or R2 is a long chain alkene group‑CnH2n‑1, n=6~20; 2) R1=R2=long chain alkane group‑ CnH2n+1, n=6-12. The surfactant of the present invention contains three -OH groups in its molecule, and in aqueous solution, especially under acidic conditions, due to hydrogen bonding, the molecules are arranged more closely when they are enriched on the surface or interface. Therefore, the series of asymmetric cationic Gemini surfactants have excellent surface activity, foaming and foam stability, and emulsifying properties. Especially under acidic conditions, the emulsification stability is greatly improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of surfactants, and in particular relates to an asymmetric cationic gemini surfactant and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Different from traditional surfactants, gemini surfactants are generally composed of two hydrophilic head groups and two hydrophobic tail groups connected by a linking group at or near the hydrophilic head group. A new class of surfactants. Gemini surfactants have a much lower critical micelle concentration and a lower Krafft temperature than traditional monophilic head group and monohydrophobic tail group surfactants. Gemini surfactants are approximately three orders of magnitude more efficient than conventional surfactants in reducing the surface tension of water and more than two orders of magnitude more efficient in reducing interfacial tension. Therefore, in application, a very small amount of gemini surfactant will bring great effect. Various advantage...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01F17/18B01F17/38C07C215/40C07C213/00C09K23/18C09K23/38
Inventor 张威余鹏鸣王丰收马丽娜刘兵徐福利董万田
Owner SHANGHAI FINE CHEM CO LTD
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