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Composite electrolyte for lithium-air battery and preparation method thereof

A composite electrolyte and lithium-air battery technology, which is applied in fuel cell half-cells and secondary battery-type half-cells, secondary batteries, circuits, etc., can solve the problem of limited performance improvement of polymers and liquid electrolytes, liquid electrolytes Volatility, electrolyte drying and other problems, to achieve the effect of widening the working temperature range, reducing overpotential, and alleviating poor wettability

Active Publication Date: 2017-10-10
UNIV OF SCI & TECH BEIJING
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, there is no single electrolyte that can meet the requirements of the lithium-air battery for the electrolyte system. The main way for the composite application of polymer electrolytes is to blend the above ion conductor polymers with other liquid electrolytes.
However, there is still the problem of volatilization of the liquid electrolyte, and the electrolyte dries up when the battery works for a long time, causing the battery to fail
Most importantly, although the blending method is simple and easy to operate, it has a limited effect on improving the performance of polymers and liquid electrolytes, and the overall performance of the system needs to be further improved.

Method used

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  • Composite electrolyte for lithium-air battery and preparation method thereof
  • Composite electrolyte for lithium-air battery and preparation method thereof
  • Composite electrolyte for lithium-air battery and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028] 0.3120g lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiCF 3 SO 3 ) dissolved in 2.0 mL of N-methyl-N-propylpyrrole triflate (PYR 13 CF 3 SO3 ), to get 1.0mol / L PYR 13 CF 3 SO 3 / LiCF 3 SO 3 solution, and add 3wt% hydrophobic nano-silica, mix well, in which the ionic liquid cationic PYR 13 + The structural formula is:

[0029] (wherein R1=CH2CH2CH3, R2=CH3)

[0030] Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) based polymer film has a thickness of 95.0 μm and a density of 0.211 g / cm 3 And the porosity is 65.3%, cut into Φ16 discs, and soaked in 1.0M PYR which is 9 times its weight 13 CF 3 SO 3 / LiCF 3 SO 3 After soaking in the solution for 12 hours at 40° C., take it out, absorb the surface solution with filter paper, and the liquid absorption rate of the polymer film reaches 796%. The structural units of the polymer matrix are:

[0031]

[0032] (where R3=R4=CH2CH2CH3)

[0033] The preparation of electrolyte solution and composite electrolyte is carried out in an argon glove bo...

Embodiment 2

[0041] 0.1519g lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) dissolved in 2.0 mL of N‐methyl‐N‐butylpyrrole hexafluorophosphate (PYR 14 PF 6 ), to get 0.5mol / L PYR 14 PF 6 / LiPF 6 solution in which the ionic liquid cation PYR 14 + The structural formula is:

[0042] (wherein R1=CH2CH2CH2CH3, R2=CH3)

[0043] Polyvinyl formal (PVFM) based polymer film has a thickness of 113.7 μm and a density of 0.179 g / cm 3 And the porosity is 78.2%, cut into Φ16 discs, and soaked in 0.5M PYR which is 10 times its weight 14 PF 6 / LiPF 6 After soaking in the solution for 10 hours at 80° C., take it out, absorb the surface solution with filter paper, and the liquid absorption rate of the polymer film reaches 854%. The structural units of the polymer matrix are:

[0044]

[0045] (where R3=R4=H)

[0046] The preparation of electrolyte solution and composite electrolyte is carried out in an argon glove box with water content and oxygen content less than 0.5ppm. image 3 For the test res...

Embodiment 3

[0048] Dissolve 0.1163 g of lithium dioxalate borate (LiBOB) in 2.0 mL of N‐methyl‐N‐butylpyrrole bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (PYR 14 TFSI), get 0.3mol / L PYR 14 TFSI / LiBOB solution, then add 5wt% fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), mix well, in which the ionic liquid cationic PYR 14 + The structural formula is:

[0049] (wherein R1=CH2CH2CH2CH3, R2=CH3)

[0050] Polyvinyl butyral (PVB)-based polymer film has a thickness of 85.7 μm and a density of 0.234 g / cm 3 And the porosity is 61.2%, cut into Φ16 discs, and soaked in 0.3MPYR which is 8 times its weight 14 In TFSI / LiBOB+5% FEC solution, soak at 50°C for 10 hours, take it out, and absorb the surface solution with filter paper, and the liquid absorption rate of the polymer film reaches 758%. The structural units of the polymer matrix are:

[0051]

[0052] (where R3=R4=CH2CH2CH3)

[0053] The preparation of electrolyte solution and composite electrolyte is carried out in an argon glove box with water content and ...

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Abstract

The invention provides a composite electrolyte for a lithium-air battery and a preparation method thereof. Lithium salts and certain additives are mixed with pyrrole-based ionic liquids to form a solution, and a polyvinyl acetal-based polymer porous film is immersed in the solution to fully absorb Residual liquid on the film surface was removed after swelling. The composite electrolyte has high room temperature ionic conductivity >10‐4S / cm, wide operating temperature range, almost no volatilization under open or semi-open working conditions and excellent hydrophobic properties, wide electrochemical stability window ≥5V (vs. Li / Li+), in the presence of oxygen and superoxide radical O2- during the cycle, no decomposition, no side reactions, excellent compatibility with positive and negative electrodes, uniform current density, and control of the discharge product Li2O2 particles The size and its distribution on the air cathode interface ensure the high reversibility and long cycle life of lithium-air batteries.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical power sources, and in particular relates to a composite electrolyte system of a lithium-air battery and its preparation, and the application of the composite electrolyte system in a lithium-air battery. Background technique [0002] Lithium-air batteries have extremely high energy density, and their theoretical value can reach 3505Wh / kg (according to the product Li 2 o 2 mass calculation), which is much higher than the energy density of lithium-ion batteries, and also higher than the actual energy density of gasoline internal combustion engines. However, the problems of poor cycle stability and short life of lithium-air batteries have become bottlenecks hindering its development, and the high-stability electrolyte system is the basis and key to ensure the reversible reaction of lithium-air batteries and achieve long life. At present, the carbonate-based electrolyte used in lithium-ion batteries...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0564H01M10/0566H01M12/08
CPCH01M10/0564H01M10/0566H01M12/08Y02E60/10
Inventor 连芳孟楠赵晓凤李杨
Owner UNIV OF SCI & TECH BEIJING
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