High-temperature disposal method for spent cathodes of electrolytic aluminum

A disposal method, electrolytic aluminum technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, solid waste removal, transportation and packaging, etc., can solve problems such as ineffective recovery of fluoride by combustion method, waste of resources, environmental pollution of electrolytic aluminum waste cathodes, etc. Achieve the effect of harmless disposal and resource utilization, and increase the fixed carbon content

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-06-08
BEIJING GENERAL RES INST OF MINING & METALLURGY
View PDF7 Cites 51 Cited by
  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Due to the lack of advanced electrolytic aluminum waste cathode harmless disposal and resource utilization technology at home and abroad, the landfill treatment method generally adopted by electrolytic aluminum enterprises has caused great environmental pollution and great waste of resources.
[0004] At present, the disposal of electrolytic aluminum waste cathodes in my country and even in the world mainly adopts wet method, combustion method, and

Method used

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
View more

Image

Smart Image Click on the blue labels to locate them in the text.
Viewing Examples
Smart Image
  • High-temperature disposal method for spent cathodes of electrolytic aluminum

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0019] see figure 1 1 in the figure is a 3-15mm electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block, which is added to a high-temperature furnace 2 whose temperature can reach 2600-2800°C, and is discharged from the high-temperature furnace after more than 1 hour of high-temperature roasting and cooling to form high-purity carbon. The raw material 3, the fluoride volatilized in the high-temperature furnace passes through the water mist absorption device 4, and then passes through the filtering device 5 and the drying device 6 to finally form the fluoride electrolyte 7. In this embodiment, the electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon blocks are broken to 3-15 mm, and then roasted by ultra-high temperature equipment to volatilize the fluoride and the like in it, the cyanide is decomposed, and the fluoride and the like are absorbed by water mist absorption.

[0020] Broken electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block to 3-15mm, and then put it into a high-temperature furnace w...

Embodiment 2

[0023] Broken electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon blocks to 10-15mm, and then put them into a high-temperature furnace with a temperature of 2700°C, roasted for 1.5 hours, and the smoke was absorbed by water mist, then filtered and dried, and the carbon was discharged after cooling. Furnace, in which the fixed carbon content reaches 97%, the yield is 80%, and the particle size is 10-15mm. Other operations are the same as in Example 1.

[0024] After the water mist is absorbed, it undergoes processes such as filtration and drying to obtain fluoride, the fluoride content is about 90%, and the yield is about 30%.

Embodiment 3

[0026] Broken electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon blocks to 10-15mm, and then put them into a high-temperature furnace with a temperature of 2800°C, roasted for 1 hour, and the smoke was absorbed by water mist, then filtered and dried, and the carbon was discharged after cooling. Furnace, in which the fixed carbon content reaches 97%, the yield is 75%, and the particle size is 10-15mm. Other operations are the same as in Example 1.

[0027] After the water mist is absorbed, it undergoes processes such as filtration and drying to obtain fluoride, the fluoride content is about 90%, and the yield is about 30%.

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
Login to view more

PUM

No PUM Login to view more

Abstract

The invention provides a high-temperature disposal method for spent cathodes of electrolytic aluminum. The method comprises the following steps: spent cathode carbon blocks of electrolytic aluminum are crushed into particles of 3-15 mm; then roasting is carried out by using a super high temperature furnace, fluorides in the spent cathode carbon blocks are volatilized, cyanides in the spent cathode carbon blocks are decomposed, flue gas generated during roasting is absorbed through a water spray absorption mode; then, processes such as filtering, drying and the like are carried out, the fluorides and the like are reused in aluminum electrolysis; and a cathode carbon material is discharged out of the super high temperature furnace after the material is cooled. According to the physical and chemical properties of the fluorides, the cyanides and carbon in the spent cathodes of electrolytic aluminum, the fluorides in the spent cathode carbon blocks are volatilized, the cyanides in the spent cathode carbon blocks are decomposed with the high-temperature method; however, on the condition of primary vacuum, carbon in the cathodes cannot burn, so that effective separation of carbon, the fluorides and the cyanides in the cathodes is achieved, and hazard-free disposal and resource utilization of the spent cathodes of electrolytic aluminum are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a method for high-temperature treatment of waste cathodes of electrolytic aluminum. Background technique [0002] The electrolytic aluminum cathode is made of calcined anthracite, metallurgical coke, graphite, etc. as aggregates, and coal tar pitch and other binders. It is mainly used to make block or paste carbon products for the carbon lining of aluminum electrolytic cells. During aluminum electrolysis, the main reaction that occurs on the cathode is to melt into cryolite (Na 2 AlFeNa 2 AIF 6 AI in ) 3+ It is reduced to liquid metal aluminum, which accumulates on the surface of the bottom of the carbonaceous tank, and the liquid aluminum and the bottom of the carbonaceous tank together serve as the conductive cathode of the electrolytic cell. Due to the various fluorides and impurities in the electrolyte melt, the molten salt produced by electrolysis under the action of...

Claims

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
Login to view more

Application Information

Patent Timeline
no application Login to view more
IPC IPC(8): B09B3/00B09B5/00C01B31/02
CPCB09B3/00B09B5/00C01P2006/80B09B3/40
Inventor 申士富骆有发刘海营王金玲
Owner BEIJING GENERAL RES INST OF MINING & METALLURGY
Who we serve
  • R&D Engineer
  • R&D Manager
  • IP Professional
Why Eureka
  • Industry Leading Data Capabilities
  • Powerful AI technology
  • Patent DNA Extraction
Social media
Try Eureka
PatSnap group products

Browse by: Latest US Patents, China's latest patents, Technical Efficacy Thesaurus, Application Domain, Technology Topic.

© 2024 PatSnap. All rights reserved.Legal|Privacy policy|Modern Slavery Act Transparency Statement|Sitemap