Preparation of active carbon fiber-metal organic framework composite material, and composite material and application

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation of an active carbon fiber-metal organic framework composite material for adsorbing and separating gases. The preparation comprises the following steps: covering surfaces of active carbon fibers with a metal precursor by utilizing a homogeneous precipitation method, coordinating and complexing the metal precursor and an organic ligand at the surface of the surfaces of the active carbon fibers under a water or solvent thermal condition to form a metal organic framework structure, so that the compounding of the active carbon fibers and the metal organic framework material is finally realized. The preparation process of the active carbon fiber-metal organic framework composite material is simple, the reaction condition is moderate, the material property is stable, and the active carbon fiber-metal organic framework composite material has a porous structure. The composite material has apparent selectively adsorption performance for CH4 and CO2 in the adsorption and separation process of the gases such as CH4 / N2, CO2 / CH4, CO2 / N2, CO2 / CH4 / N2 and the like, and is particularly suitable for separating low-quality methane gas, purifying high-concentration methane and capturing CO2.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical material synthesis and mixed gas adsorption and separation engineering, in particular to a composite material used for methane purification and carbon dioxide capture and its preparation. Background technique [0002] Energy and the environment are two major themes in today's world. With the sharp increase in the global consumption of traditional fossil fuels dominated by coal and oil, their emissions have brought serious environmental problems. Natural gas is an internationally recognized low-carbon and clean energy with the highest H / C ratio and high calorific value. However, conventional natural gas resources are increasingly depleted and the development difficulty is increasing. According to the "my country's Energy Development Strategic Action Plan (2014-2020)" issued by the General Office of the State Council, by 2020, the proportion of natural gas in my country's primary energy consumptio...

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Problems solved by technology

[0008] From the above research results, it can be seen that the current MOFs materials used as adsorbents for methane purification and carbon dioxide capture still have the following problems: (1) for CH 4 / N 2 The separated MOFs materials have no obvious selectivity advantages; (2) Most MOFs materials are not resistant to water and heat, and their structures are easy to collapse and lose their performance (Science.2013,341:974; Chem Rev.2014,114:10575 ); (3) The nanopore structure of simple MOFs materials will limit the diffusion rate of adsorbate gas in the pores, which is not conducive to industrial applications (DaltonTrans.2014,43:7028); (4) The ideal adsorbent should not only have a higher Separation selectivity should also have a larger adsorption capacity, in CH 4 / N 2 It is difficult for the adsorbent in the separation system to meet these two requirements at the same time (Yang, John Wiley & Sons, 2003)

However, for CO 2 / CH 4 There are very few studies on Carbon-MOFs composite materials for adsorption and separation, and for CH 4 / N 2 Adsorption-separated Carbon-MOFs composites have not been reported

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