Silicon negative electrode material and preparation method therefor, negative electrode plate and lithium ion battery

A technology of silicon negative electrode and carbon material, applied in the direction of lithium battery, negative electrode, battery electrode, etc., can solve the problems of complex production process and lack of fast charging performance.

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-10-27
HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
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  • Abstract
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  • Application Information

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  • Silicon negative electrode material and preparation method therefor, negative electrode plate and lithium ion battery
  • Silicon negative electrode material and preparation method therefor, negative electrode plate and lithium ion battery

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preparation example Construction

[0050] In the preparation method of the silicon negative electrode material in the embodiment of the present invention, by doping the surface of the silicon core with a carbon material, the doping elements in the carbon material are used to form lattice defects in the carbon layer, which improves the mobility of cloud electrons and reduces the lithium storage capacity. The reaction barrier increases the lithium storage binding sites, greatly increases the lithium ion migration speed, improves the lithium storage space and channels, and thus improves the fast charging performance of the silicon negative electrode material as the battery negative electrode.

[0051] It should be understood that when making the first silicon negative electrode material and the second silicon negative electrode material, the following requirements are met:

[0052] The silicon core material can be at least one of pure silicon, oxide compound silicon material, carbon compound silicon material and he...

Embodiment 1

[0060] Embodiment 1, using the silicon core as a raw material to make the silicon negative electrode material whose inner cladding layer is amorphous carbon and the outer cladding layer is N element, the specific steps are as follows:

[0061] 301. Mix 3.0kg of silicon powder with a particle size of 200nm, 0.3kg of petroleum pitch crushed to be below 0.1mm, and 0.02kg of quinoline insoluble matter, stir evenly, and put it into the reaction kettle;

[0062] 302. Heat and coat the mixture obtained in step 301 at 500°C for 2 hours, and then perform carbonization treatment at 1000°C for 4 hours under nitrogen protection;

[0063] 303. Cool the reaction product obtained in step 302 to room temperature to obtain amorphous carbon-coated silicon powder;

[0064] 304. Dissolve cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, (C16H33)N(CH3)3Br, 0.5kg) in HCl (8L, 1mol / L) solution in an ice-water bath to obtain mixed solution A;

[0065] 305. Take 2.0 kg of the amorphous carbon-coated silicon powd...

Embodiment 2

[0069] Embodiment 2, using the silicon core as a raw material to make the silicon negative electrode material whose inner cladding layer is N element and the outer cladding layer is amorphous carbon, the specific steps are as follows:

[0070] 401. Dissolve cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, (C16H33)N(CH3)3Br, 0.5kg) in HCl (8L, 1mol / L) solution in an ice-water bath to obtain mixed solution A;

[0071] 402. Take 2.0kg of silicon powder with a particle size of 200nm and put it into the above mixed solution A, disperse it by ultrasonic for 30 minutes, then add ammonium persulfate (APS, 0.8kg) into it, immediately form a white suspension, stir for 0.5 hours Afterwards, add pyrrole monomer (Pyrrole, 0.5 L), keep warm at 4°C for 24 hours and then filter;

[0072] 403. Wash the black precipitate obtained by filtering in step 402 with 1 mol / L HCl solution three times, and then wash with pure water until the solution is colorless and neutral, and then dry the precipitate at 80° C. ...

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Abstract

Embodiments of the invention provide a silicon negative electrode material and a preparation method therefor, a negative electrode plate and a lithium ion battery. The silicon negative electrode material comprises a silicon inner core and a buffer coating layer and a first coating layer which coat the surface of the silicon inner core; the silicon negative electrode material is characterized in that the first coating layer is a coating layer formed by a carbon material; and the carbon material comprises at least one kind of doping elements of N, P, B, S, O, F, Cl and H. By virtue of the embodiments, the quick-charge performance of the silicon negative electrode material used as a battery negative electrode is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of lithium-ion batteries, and more specifically, to a silicon negative electrode material, a preparation method thereof, a negative pole piece and a lithium-ion battery. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion graphite anode material has many advantages such as long cycle life, high first effect, low cost, environmental friendliness and easy processing, which makes the material widely used in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles and energy storage fields, but graphite The theoretical capacity is relatively low (about 372mAh / g), the compatibility with the electrolyte is poor, and the rate characteristics are not good. Silicon material has become the most promising new high-efficiency lithium storage negative electrode material due to its high theoretical capacity (4200mAh / g) and good intercalation / deintercalation capabilities, but the volume change of silicon materials exceeds 300% when lithium ions are int...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525H01M4/134
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/366H01M4/386H01M4/625H01M10/0525Y02E60/10C01B32/05C01B33/02H01M4/587H01M4/62H01M10/052C01P2004/60C01P2004/80H01M4/38H01M4/36H01M2004/027
Inventor 夏圣安李慧王平华
Owner HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
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