A method and equipment for extracting carbon materials from plastics
A technology of carbon materials and plastics, which is applied in the field of carbon material preparation and can solve problems such as the environmental impact of transformation
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Embodiment 1
[0050] Description of PET material
[0051] figure 1 XRD patterns on PET water bottle pieces. The pattern has a broad peak centered at 2θ=25.4° as a characteristic peak, indicating that the PET in the short-range (100) crystalline domain has a triclinic crystal structure (C 10 H 8 O 4 , JCPDS Card No.50-2275). In general, figure 1 The XRD pattern of PET indicates that PET is of low crystalline structure.
[0052] This low crystalline structure PET material was heated in a muffle furnace at 260°C (above the melting point of PET) overnight. After cooling to room temperature, the obtained heat-treated material was white, large, irregular-shaped crystal particles, which were subjected to XRD analysis. . The diffraction peaks in the pattern correspond to the triclinic crystal structure of PET. The strongest diffraction peak at 2θ=25.4° corresponds to the (100) crystal plane. figure 2 The inset in is a scanning electron microscope image of crystalline PET, where large-siz...
Embodiment 2
[0063] This example implements the heat treatment of PET in NaCl. Cut a plastic water bottle into small pieces (about 10 x 5mm) with scissors. A 9.83 g plastic sheet was placed in an alumina crucible with an inner diameter and height of 50 mm and 100 mm, respectively. Then, 50.80 g of NaCl (NaCl, Aladdin C111533, 99.5% purity) was added to the crucible. The crucible was placed in a muffle furnace and heated in an air atmosphere at a temperature of 20°C min -1 The rate was ramped up to 1100°C and then immediately cooled down to room temperature at about the same rate as the heating rate. The black solid mixture containing the solidified salt and carbon material was placed in enough distilled water to completely dissolve the salt. Then, vacuum filtration was performed with filter paper, and the carbon material was recovered from the filtrate, followed by drying at a temperature of 80°C.
[0064] Figure 5 XRD and Raman spectra of PET-NaCl mixtures heated to 1100°C and 1300°...
Embodiment 3
[0067] In order to study the effect of temperature, the mixing ratio of PET-NaCl was the same as in Example 2, the mixture was heated to 1300 °C, and the same heating rate was 20 °C min -1 , and then cooled to room temperature. Figure 7 a shows the mixture of salt and carbon product in the crucible. In order to confirm the distribution of carbon material in the salt, the alumina crucible was broken, and the mixture of salt and carbon material was taken out from the crucible ( Figure 7 b). It can be seen that the carbon material is completely distributed on the solidified NaCl. The high dispersibility of the carbon product in molten NaCl is demonstrated. The solid mixture was added to 500 ml of distilled water. During the dissolution of sodium chloride, the carbonaceous material floats on the water surface, indicating that it has a low density. The obtained suspension was stirred for 20 min, then filtered and the carbon material on the filter paper was dried overnight. ...
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