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Surface preprocessing method for laser welding of aluminum alloy

A surface pretreatment and laser welding technology, which is applied in laser welding equipment, welding equipment, cleaning methods and appliances, etc., can solve the problems of difficult removal of surface oxide film and high laser reflectivity, and achieve low reflectivity, high cleanliness, Easy to automate effects

Active Publication Date: 2018-08-24
ARMOR ACADEMY OF CHINESE PEOPLES LIBERATION ARMY
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Problems solved by technology

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a surface pretreatment method for laser welding of aluminum alloys, which can simultaneously solve the two problems of high laser reflectivity on the surface of aluminum alloys and difficult removal of surface oxide films, and can significantly improve the formation of aluminum alloy welds. quality

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  • Surface preprocessing method for laser welding of aluminum alloy
  • Surface preprocessing method for laser welding of aluminum alloy
  • Surface preprocessing method for laser welding of aluminum alloy

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Embodiment 1

[0042] The material to be welded is a 10mm thick 7A52 aluminum alloy plate. Both the surface texturing and cleaning treatment use an IPG fiber laser with a pulse width of 100ns, a pulse frequency of 30kHz, and a wavelength of 1064nm. The linear laser beam is controlled by the robot to move in the vertical direction.

[0043] Process parameters of surface texturing: laser energy density is 5.2J / cm 2 , the scanning speed is 1500mm / s, the moving speed is 0.5mm / s, and the linear spot size is 50mm. Surface cleaning process parameters: laser energy density is 0.9J / cm 2 , the scanning speed is 1000mm / s, the moving speed is 0.2mm / s, and the linear spot size is 50mm.

[0044] The three-dimensional morphology of the aluminum alloy surface before and after pretreatment is as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown. The mass fraction of oxygen element on the unpretreated aluminum alloy surface is 16.54%, and the surface roughness is 0.82 μm. is 3.21 μm.

[0045] The mass fraction o...

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Abstract

The invention provides a surface preprocessing method for laser welding of an aluminum alloy. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of 1) performing surface texturing treatment on an area, to be welded, of the aluminum alloy through short-pulse laser with energy density of I1, thus forming a regular ripple microstructure; and increasing the surface roughness of the area, to be welded, of the aluminum alloy, wherein the I1 is more than the burning loss threshold Ia of the aluminum alloy; 2) cleaning the surface of the area, to be welded, of the aluminum alloy through the short-pulse laser with the energy density of I2; removing polluting matters on the surface of the microstructure of the area, to be welded, of the aluminum alloy through the short-pulse laser with energy density of I2 so as to remove pollutants on the surface of the microstructure of the area, to be welded, of the aluminum alloy; and increasing the surface cleanness of the area, to be welded, of the aluminum alloy, wherein the I2 is more than the washing threshold Ic of the aluminum alloy and is less than the burning loss threshold Ia of the aluminum alloy; and 3) starting to weld the aluminum alloy within 30min. With the adoption of the method, two major problems that the reflectivity of the aluminum alloy surface to to laser is high, and a surface oxide film is hard to remove, can be synchronously solved; and the forming quality of a weld joint of the aluminum alloy is obviously improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser surface treatment, in particular to a surface pretreatment method for aluminum alloy laser welding. Background technique [0002] Laser welding has the advantages of small heat-affected zone, fast welding speed, good welding quality, strong welding flexibility, and easy automation. It has been widely used in aviation, aerospace, automobiles, high-speed trains and other fields. However, there are the following difficulties in laser welding aluminum alloy: the surface of aluminum alloy has a high reflectivity, which leads to low utilization rate of laser energy, and even burns the optical fiber and laser; the surface of aluminum alloy is very easy to generate Al with high melting point 2 o 3 film, leading to poor welding stability and causing defects such as hydrogen pores and inclusions in the weld. Therefore, the surface of aluminum alloy must be pretreated before laser welding, and different from...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B23K26/26B23K26/352B08B7/00B23K103/10B23K101/18
CPCB08B7/0042B23K26/26
Inventor 董世运闫世兴宋超群夏丹刘晓亭李恩重徐滨士
Owner ARMOR ACADEMY OF CHINESE PEOPLES LIBERATION ARMY
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