A preparation method of ultrafine platinum nanowires rich in twin defects

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of superfine platinum nanowires rich in twin crystal defects. The preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) dissolving a platinum precursor and a surfactant in a mixed solution of water and N,N-dimethyl formamide; (2) adding thiophene to the mixed solution obtained in the step (1), and performing uniform mixing; and (3) placing the solution obtained in the step (2) in a hydrothermal kettle, performing an insulating reaction under 140-200 DEG C, after the reaction is completed, performing centrifuging, and performing washing with waterto obtain the superfine platinum nanowires rich in twin crystal defects. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple and practicable in operation; the obtained platinum nanowires havethe characteristic of being high in yield, and the diameter is adjustable in the range of 2-6 nanometers; through a superfine structure, the platinum nanowires have large specific surface area; a plurality of twin crystal boundaries are arranged on the surface of each platinum nanowire; the atom coordination number at the twin crystal boundaries is low, so that the twin crystal boundaries can be used as active sites of a catalytic reaction; the superfine platinum nanowires are prepared in an aqueous solution, so that the surfaces are clean, and the post-treatment is simple; and in an electrocatalysis methanol oxidation reaction, the quality activity of the products namely the superfine platinum nanowires is 4.6 times of that of Pt / C, and the products show excellent activity.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of nano science, in particular to a method for preparing ultrafine platinum nanowires. Background technique [0002] Platinum metal has excellent catalytic properties and is widely used in chemical industry, pharmaceuticals, oil refining, automobile exhaust purification, fuel cells and other fields. In the field of fuel cells, it has very good catalytic performance both in the anode reaction (such as the oxidation of hydrogen, methanol, and ethanol) and in the cathode reaction (oxygen reduction). However, the reserves of platinum on the earth are scarce, and it is difficult to mine and smelt it. Therefore, platinum must be fully and efficiently used. Compared with bulk materials, platinum nanomaterials can greatly increase the utilization rate of atoms, reduce the amount of platinum used and thus reduce production costs, which is of great significance for the efficient use of rare resources in my country and the deve...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Not only has complicated experimental steps, but also introduces an unnecessary metal, causing problems of increased production costs and waste of natural resources

[0009] In the directional attachment method, some special biological reagents (such as peptides, insulin, protease, etc.) are usually used, and these biological reagents usually have an expensive price, which seriously restricts their application in industrialization.

[0010] In addition, some platinum nanowires are synthesized in oil phase reactions (such as oleylamine, octadecylamine, oleic acid), and the organic molecules on the surface of the prepared nanowires need to be cleaned by organic solvents, and it is difficult to Clean up, these adsorbents will wrap the active center of the catalyst, resulting in a reduction in the catalytic activity of the catalyst

[0011] The above problems have become an insurmountable gap in the practical application of platinum nanowires

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