Method for removing and recovering uranium in water and achieving synchronous electricity generation by utilizing microbial fuel cell

A fuel cell and microorganism technology, which is applied in the fields of biochemical fuel cells, biological water/sewage treatment, chemical instruments and methods, etc., can solve the problems of difficult to achieve uranium removal-recovery-power generation, etc. Simple and convenient, wide-ranging effects

Active Publication Date: 2019-06-28
RES CENT FOR ECO ENVIRONMENTAL SCI THE CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, due to the widespread presence of carbonate in natural surface water, groundwater and seawater, uranyl ions will react with carbonate to form a stable uranyl carbonate complex. Traditional microbial fuel cell technology using electrodes such as metal and carbon materials is difficult Realize uranium removal-recovery-power generation

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0058] Embodiment 1, certain high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater under high-concentration carbonate conditions

[0059] 150ml of uranium-containing wastewater (U(VI) concentration is about 23.8mg / L, carbonate concentration is about 30mM, pH value is 7.0) is added to the cathode chamber of the microbial fuel cell that has started, and nitrogen and nitrogen are aerated into the cathode chamber. Carbon dioxide (ratio: 4:1) mixed gas, titanium-based titanium dioxide nanotube array electrode as the cathode, adjust the resistance value of the external circuit to 1000Ω, and carry out microbial electroreduction under normal temperature and pressure conditions for 24 hours, that is, the surface of the cathode is rich in Collect uranium dioxide.

[0060] After 24 hours of microbial electrochemical reduction, the concentration of uranium in the water dropped to 1.67mg / L, the removal efficiency of uranium was 92.5%, and the surface of titanium-based titanium dioxide nanotube ...

Embodiment 2

[0063] Embodiment 2, a certain low-concentration uranium-containing groundwater under low-concentration carbonate conditions

[0064] Add 150ml of uranium-containing groundwater (U(VI) concentration is about 2.38mg / L, carbonate concentration is about 2mM, pH value is 7.0) into the cathode chamber of the microbial fuel cell that has started, and nitrogen and nitrogen are aerated into the cathode chamber. Mixed gas of carbon dioxide (volume ratio is 99:1), with the titanium-based titanium dioxide nanotube array electrode as the cathode, adjust the resistance value of the external circuit to 1000Ω, and carry out microbial electroreduction under normal temperature and pressure conditions for 8 hours, that is, on the surface of the cathode Enrichment to get uranium dioxide.

[0065] After 8 hours of microbial electrochemical reduction, the concentration of uranium in the water body dropped to 0.095mg / L, and the removal efficiency of uranium reached 96.1%. After the electrode was u...

Embodiment 3

[0067] Embodiment 3, certain high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater under low-concentration carbonate conditions

[0068] 150ml of uranium-containing wastewater (U(VI) concentration is about 23.8mg / L, carbonate concentration is about 2mM, pH value is 7.0) is added to the cathode chamber of the microbial fuel cell that has started, and nitrogen and nitrogen are aerated into the cathode chamber. Carbon dioxide mixed gas (volume ratio is 99:1), with titanium-based titanium dioxide nanotube array as the cathode, adjust the resistance value of the external circuit to 1000Ω, and carry out microbial electroreduction under normal temperature and pressure conditions for 12 hours, that is, the surface of the cathode is rich in Collect uranium dioxide.

[0069] After 12 hours of microbial electrochemical reduction, the concentration of uranium in the water dropped to 0.47mg / L, the removal efficiency of uranium reached 98.0%, and the surface of the titanium-based titanium dioxid...

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Abstract

The method discloses a method for removing and recovering uranium in water and achieving synchronous electricity generation by utilizing a microbial fuel cell. The method comprises the steps that an array electrode of a ti-based titanium dioxide nanotube is taken as a negative electrode, a carbon material where microorganisms grow is taken as a positive electrode, hexavalent uranyl ions can obtainthe characteristic that electrons are subjected to reduction to obtain uranium dioxide, and the uranium dioxide is deposited on the surfaces of the electrodes, and the characteristic is utilized formaking hexavalent uranium subjected to reduction to obtain uranium dioxide gathering on the surfaces of the electrodes. After microbial electrochemical reduction and gathering are completed, the electrodes with enrichment of the uranium dioxide are taken from a solution, and efficient reduction removal of the uranium in waste water, underground water and seawater can be achieved. In the process ofreduction removal, chemical energy contained in organic matter in a positive electrode chamber and water containing the uranium in a negative electrode chamber can be converted into electric energy,and clean energy production is achieved. The method is wide in application range and can achieve efficient removal and recovery of the uranium in the waste water containing the uranium of different concentrations and carbonate of different concentrations, the underground water and the seawater and synchronous electricity generation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the fields of water treatment, precious metal recovery and bioenergy, and relates to a method for microbial fuel cells to remove and recover uranium in water and generate electricity simultaneously. Background technique [0002] Due to natural geochemical processes as well as human mining activities, uranium contamination is a growing problem worldwide. Uranium mainly exists in the form of hexavalent uranyl ions with high stability and high mobility in the natural water environment, and its heavy metal toxicity and radiotoxicity pose a great threat to the ecological environment and human health. According to reports, the uranium content in surface or groundwater in many countries has greatly exceeded the drinking water standard of 30μg / L stipulated by the World Health Organization. become an urgent technical problem to be solved. At the same time, because nuclear energy has the advantages of cleanliness and high energy densit...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C02F3/00H01M8/16C02F103/06C02F103/08
CPCY02E60/50
Inventor 栾富波刘文彬孟颖
Owner RES CENT FOR ECO ENVIRONMENTAL SCI THE CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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