Method for synthesizing sulfonated activated carbon in one step by taking biomass as raw material, and application

Abstract

The invention provides a method for synthesizing sulfonated activated carbon in one step by taking biomass as a raw material, and an application. The method includes soaking a biomass raw material with mixed acid, the soaking amount being 50-100% of a saturated soaking amount; performing reaction for 2-12 h under a certain atmosphere at 110-500 DEG C, wherein the reaction can be performed by directly exposing the air atmosphere when ambient temperature is less than or equal to 300 DEG C; performing cooling to room temperature, and performing washing with distilled water until washing liquid isneutral; and performing drying on washed sulfonated activated carbon. The application of the sulfonated activated carbon in sewage treatment is to remove heavy metal ions and organic pollutants in sewage. The method takes waste biomass as the raw material, so that the method is wide in raw material source and low in cost; the carbonization, activation and sulfonation of the biomass raw material can be further completed; and compared with processes of multistep methods to prepare the sulfonated activated carbon, the method can obviously weaken the destructive effects on sulfonic acid groups and activated carbon pore structures, so that the specific surface area and sulfonic acid group content of the sulfonated activated carbon can be significantly enhanced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass resource utilization, and also relates to the technical field of activated carbon processing, in particular to a method and application for one-step synthesis of sulfonated activated carbon using biomass as a raw material. Background technique [0002] Biomass is rich in sources, mainly including: agricultural products and wastes such as straws, fruit shells, and fruit stones produced in the agricultural production process; forestry products and wastes such as trees, branches, and sawdust in the forestry production process; animal husbandry and aquaculture Animal manure such as cow manure, sheep manure and chicken manure; furfural slag, waste packaging paper and other waste in the industrial production process. However, biomass resources have not been effectively utilized. Except for a small amount of fuel, feed, papermaking and fertilizer, most of them are burned on site, buried or abandoned in t...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The two will not only affect the survival of aquatic animals and plants, but also endanger the safety of drinking water for human beings.

[0006] The preparation method of the above-mentioned sulfonated activated carbon needs to first carbonize and activate the raw material to make activated carbon, then sulfonate the activated carbon to make sulfonated activated carbon, or first sulfonate the raw material, then carbonize and activate to obtain sulfonated activated carbon, namely these The method requires two steps of preparation of activated carbon and sulfonation of activated carbon. This method not only consumes high energy and is time-consuming, but also easily destroys the introduced sulfonic acid groups if activated after sulfonation. It is easy to destroy the pore structure of activated carbon, resulting in the destruction of the pore structure of activated carbon, the decrease of specific surface area, and the destruction of its adsorption capacity.

Some of the above methods use asphalt and polymers as raw materials to prepare activated carbon, which is expensive and not suitable for large-scale sewage treatment

In addition, the above method heats the activated carbon in excess concentrated sulfuric acid during the sulfonation process, and then separates the sulfuric acid from the sulfonated activated carbon after the reaction, which will produce more waste acid

Images