Method for preserving soil moisture of winter wheat in summer leisure period

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preserving soil moisture of winter wheat in a summer leisure period. The method is characterized by including the following steps: S1. removing wheat straws, andtimely cleaning the wheat straws after the winter wheat is harvested; S2. repeatedly sowing rape seeds, wherein no leveling and ploughing are needed after sowing, and fertilizers are not applied during sowing; S3. preforming seedling stage field management, wherein the management comprises seedling stage management steps and pest inspection steps; S4. ploughing rape seeds, directly ploughing rapeseeds and returning the rape seeds to the field; S5. fertilizing, and completely spreading the fertilizers on the surface after the rape seeds are ploughed and returned to the field; S6. preforming rotary tillage and soil preparation; S7. sowing, and mixing the seeds with chemicals before sowing aiming at the stress resistance of seeds and the occurrence of local diseases and insect pests; and S8.preforming field management. The method realizes the combination of water utilization and water preservation, reduces the evaporation loss of soil moisture under the condition of high temperature insummer, effectively improves the soil water demand, and achieves the purposes of high-efficiency water-preserving and storage in rainy season and cross-season utilization. The method is suitable for dry-farming winter wheat planting areas in northern China with annual precipitation of 350-600mm.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for moisture conservation of winter wheat during the summer fallow period, and belongs to the technical field of no-tillage cultivation methods for crops. Background technique [0002] Winter wheat is the main grain crop in the Northwest Loess Plateau. It is harvested once a year in the region. 50% to 70% of the rainfall is concentrated in July-September. The fallow period of the annual wheat field coincides with the rainy season. Ineffective evaporation has created a situation where precipitation is difficult to store and the utilization rate of precipitation is poor. After winter wheat is harvested, most of the ground in the one-year cropping area is exposed, and the evaporation loss of precipitation is serious, and the water retention rate is less than 50%. Surface mulching technology has ecological functions such as water storage and moisture conservation, fertilization, soil erosion reduction, and micro-domain eco...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] Winter wheat is the main food crop in the Northwest Loess Plateau. It is harvested once a year in the region. 50% to 70% of the rainfall is concentrated in July-September. The fallow period of the annual wheat field coincides with the rainy season. Ineffective evaporation, which has formed a situation where precipitation is difficult to store and the utilization rate of precipitation is poor. After winter wheat is harvested, most of the ground in the one-year cropping area is bare, and the evaporation loss of precipitation is serious, and the water retention rate is less than 50%.

Surface covering technology has ecological functions such as water storage and moisture conservation, fertilization, soil erosion reduction, and micro-domain ecosystem environment adjustment. Covering plastic film and straw during the fallow period can effectively save precipitation during the fallow period. Straw mulching is prone to plant diseases, insect pests and weeds; if mulching with plastic film, successive years of plastic film mulching will lead to a decrease in soil fertility, and a large amount of plastic film residue will cause pollution to the soil and ecological environment. It is difficult to plant and fertilize, and it is difficult to control weeds

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