Method of purifying TATB

A technology for separation, purification and substitution of urea, applied in chemical instruments and methods, preparation of organic compounds, purification/separation of amino compounds, etc., can solve problems such as low solubility, complicated operation and difficulty, and achieve mild purification conditions and good separation effect. , safe to use

Pending Publication Date: 2020-07-31
LESHAN NORMAL UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, due to the very strong hydrogen bonding between TATB molecules and between molecules, this super strong hydrogen bonding is far greater than the van der Waals force between TATB and solvent molecules, making TATB basically insoluble in general organic solvents, even in The solubility in solvents such as dimethylsulfoxide and dimethylformamide with strong polarity is also very small (the solubility of TATB in dimethylsulfoxide at high temperature is only 7×10 -5 g / 100g), it is currently reported that TATB only has a large solubility in concentrated sulfuric acid strong corrosive solvents, which not only makes the recrystallization operation of TATB dissolved in it more complicated, but also the strong corrosiveness brings inconvenience to the operation and affects its crystal quality. nature, which brings great difficulty to the purification of TATB by recrystallization
It is also reported in the prior art that a mixed solvent of imidazolium acetate ionic liquid and dimethyl sulfoxide is used to dissolve TATB, but this method requires high-temperature heating to promote dissolution, and the high-temperature environment also increases the risk of explosion of TATB, and some impurities in TATB can also be dissolved into this solvent, it is difficult to separate from TATB
Therefore, it is very difficult to obtain high-purity TATB, which greatly limits the application of TATB

Method used

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  • Method of purifying TATB
  • Method of purifying TATB
  • Method of purifying TATB

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0021] 1. Under the protection of anhydrous, oxygen and nitrogen, add 2.58g (10mmol) TATB and 4.47g (30mmol) 4-methoxyphenylisocyanate shown in formula I-1 into 100mL dry dimethyl sulfoxide , stirred and reacted at 50°C for 30 minutes, filtered to remove insoluble substances after the reaction, and then distilled off unreacted 4-methoxyphenyl isocyanate and most of dimethyl sulfoxide under reduced pressure, and added ethyl acetate to the concentrated solution , the substituted urea was precipitated from the solvent, and then cooled in an ice-water bath to completely precipitate the substituted urea, then suction filtered and washed with ether to obtain a pure substituted urea represented by formula II-1.

[0022]

[0023] 2. Add the substituted urea shown in formula II-1 into 50 mL of a mixed solvent with a volume ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide and deionized water of 1:0.2, add concentrated hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 1, and then heat the reaction at 80°C for 6 hours...

Embodiment 2

[0025] 1. Under the protection of anhydrous, oxygen and nitrogen, add 2.58g (10mmol) TATB and 3.99g (30mmol) p-toluene isocyanate represented by formula I-2 into 100mL dry dimethyl sulfoxide, at 50°C Stir the reaction for 30 minutes, filter to remove insoluble matter after the reaction, then distill under reduced pressure to remove unreacted p-toluene isocyanate and most of dimethyl sulfoxide, add ethyl acetate to the concentrated solution to precipitate the substituted urea from the solvent, and then After cooling in an ice-water bath to completely precipitate the substituted urea, filter it with suction and wash with ethyl acetate to obtain the pure substituted urea represented by formula II-2.

[0026]

[0027] 2. Add the substituted urea shown in formula II-2 into 60 mL of a mixed solvent with a volume ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide and deionized water of 1:0.3, and add NaOH to adjust the pH to 14, and then heat and react at 60°C for 6 hours , filtered after the reaction, ...

Embodiment 3

[0029] 1. Under anhydrous, oxygen-free and nitrogen protection, add 2.58g (10mmol) TATB and 5.61g (30mmol) 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenylisocyanate shown in formula I-3 to 100mL dry dimethyl In sulfoxide, stir and react at 50°C for 30 minutes, filter to remove insoluble matter after the reaction, then distill under reduced pressure to remove unreacted 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl isocyanate and most of dimethyl sulfoxide, concentrate Add deionized water to the solution to precipitate the substituted urea from the solvent, then cool in an ice-water bath to completely precipitate the substituted urea, filter it with suction, and wash with ether to obtain the pure substituted urea shown in formula II-3.

[0030]

[0031] 2. Add the substituted urea shown in formula II-3 into 55 mL of a mixed solvent with a volume ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide and deionized water of 1:0.25, and add NaOH to adjust the pH to 14, then heat and react at 65°C for 5 hours , filtered after the reaction, and was...

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for purifying TATB. In a polar aprotic organic solvent under mild conditions, high-activity aromatic isocyanate is reacted with TATB to generate substituted urea; thehydrogen-bond interaction between substituted urea molecules is weak so that the substituted urea compared with TATB is more easily dissolved in a polar aprotic organic solvent; and then through adding water or ethyl acetate into the polar aprotic organic solvent in which the substituted urea is dissolved to change the polarity of the solvent so as to crystallize and separate out the substituted urea, pure substituted urea can be obtained; and finally the substituted urea is hydrolyzed under alkaline or acidic conditions to obtain the high-purity TATB. According to the purification method, thephenomenon that concentrated sulfuric acid releases heat violently and has the strong corrosion property is avoided, the purification condition is mild, operation is safer, and compared with imidazole acetate ionic liquid, the cost is low, and the purity is high. The TATB reacts with the aromatic isocyanate to generate the substituted urea, the TATB can be greatly promoted to be dissolved in thepolar aprotic organic solvent, the substituted urea is completely converted into TATB after being hydrolyzed, and the yield and purity of the TATB can reach 99% or above.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of energetic materials, and in particular relates to a method for purifying TATB. Background technique [0002] 1,3,5-Triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) is an energetic material with high energy and good heat resistance, which is extremely resistant to external effects such as light, heat, shock waves and mechanical impacts. Pure sense, hence the name "wood" dynamite. As an excellent high-energy passivation ammunition, TATB is very popular in the military field. It is not only the best choice for the main charge of nuclear weapons, but also widely used in civilian fields such as deep well oil blasting and liquid crystal materials. [0003] During the synthesis process of TATB, impurities and toxic and harmful substances will be produced, which will affect the purity and performance of TATB. Therefore, it needs to be purified, and solvent recrystallization is a commonly used method for TATB purification. ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C07C209/84C07C273/18C07C275/30C07C211/52
CPCC07C209/84C07C273/1827C07C273/18C07C275/30C07C211/52
Inventor 聂万丽郁卫飞田冲廖龙渝陈封政
Owner LESHAN NORMAL UNIV
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