A method for strengthening and toughening non-ferrous metal materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for strengthening and toughening non-ferrous metal materials. Aiming at the problems of easy oxidation, coarse crystal grains, limited improvement of strength and plasticity, and high energy consumption in the traditional heat treatment process of non-ferrous metal materials, the invention proposes the use of electric pulses to Non-ferrous metal materials are subjected to rapid solution treatment, and then formed once, then aging treatment is performed on the alloy formed once, and secondary forming is performed on the alloy after aging treatment, and finally electric pulse-induced recrystallization treatment is performed on the material formed twice. The characteristics of rapid pulse refinement of matrix grains and precipitated phases that hinder grain growth can be obtained to obtain a microstructure with fine, uniform matrix grains and dispersed strengthening phases. Through the synergistic strengthening and toughening effect of fine grains and precipitated phases, high strength and high Tough non-ferrous materials. Compared with the traditional heat treatment process, the strength and elongation after breaking of the non-ferrous metal material prepared by the process of the invention are respectively increased by more than 10% and more than 20%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and in particular relates to a method for strengthening and toughening non-ferrous metal materials. Background technique [0002] Non-ferrous metal materials have many properties such as good mechanics, electricity, magnetism, heat conduction and heat dissipation, and are widely used in various fields of national economic construction and national defense and military construction. They are important industrial basic raw materials. With the rapid development of modern industry, especially the rapid development of high-tech fields such as aviation, aerospace, new energy, advanced weaponry and equipment, the performance of copper alloys, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys, nickel-based alloys and other non-ferrous metals And processing performance put forward higher and higher requirements. Simultaneously improving the strength and plasticity of the alloy and realizing its ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The strength and plasticity of non-ferrous metal materials can be improved at the same time through grain refinement, but the extent to which grain refinement can improve the strength of alloys is limited. Therefore, to obtain higher-strength non-ferrous metal materials requires proper heat treatment to form a large amount of dispersion in the alloy. Realization of finely distributed reinforcement phase particles

[0003] At present, non-ferrous metal materials that can be strengthened by heat treatment are basically prepared by deformation heat treatment process, that is, "solution → processing → aging" process, in which solution treatment is annealed at a relatively high temperature for a long time, and there are the following problems: 1) Heating temperature High (0.9T s Above, T s is the melting point of the alloy), the holding time is long (depending on the batch size in the furnace, generally several hours), and the energy consumption is large; 2) The surface oxide layer is easy to form during the heat treatment process, and it is difficult to remove it in the subsequent process, which affects the product quality; 3) It is easy to cause abnormal growth of grains, resulting in coarse grains and uneven size distribution inside the alloy, which seriously damages the mechanical properties of the alloy; 4) The processing technology is demanding, and it is easy to cause uneven internal temperature of the material and local overburning, resulting in solid solution Poor uniformity, consistency and stability of alloy structure and properties after treatment

In addition, the alloy after solid solution treatment undergoes plastic forming and aging treatment. The aging temperature is generally lower than the recrystallization temperature. Although strengthening phases can be precipitated in the alloy to improve its strength, the solid solution treatment produces coarse grains and irregular size distribution. The homogeneous phenomenon still exists, and the plasticity of the prepared alloy is poor

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