A low-temperature pyrolysis method and system for waste catalysts in residual oil hydrogenation

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature pyrolysis method and system for waste catalysts in residual oil hydrogenation, wherein the method comprises the following steps: S100, raw material deoiling; S200, primary oil fraction gasification; S300, secondary oil fraction gasification; S400, Material collection; S500, liquid oil recovery, all processes of the present invention, such as feeding, discharging, liquid oil recovery, and oil-gas self-circulation, have realized automation, continuous, industrialized operation, and the whole process does not need to change the working place, which can effectively prevent the The necessary heat loss is beneficial to reduce the consumption of electric energy. The pressure and temperature of the first rotary kiln and the second rotary kiln can be accurately controlled, and the oil content of the raw material can be deoiled repeatedly and repeatedly until the oil content is completely and completely cleaned. , the present invention does not discharge harmful exhaust gas, thereby being beneficial to environmental protection, and can also recover a large amount of liquid oil without adding any reagents, which not only saves a lot of money, but also completely avoids the generation of new impurities, which serves multiple purposes.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical industry, in particular to a method and system for low-temperature pyrolysis of spent catalysts for hydrogenation of residual oil. Background technique [0002] In the prior art, there is no particularly effective treatment method for the waste catalyst for hydrogenation of residual oil. The existing treatment method is generally simple heat treatment, and the equipment for treatment is generally a heating reactor. There are at least the following technical defects in the processing technology of the catalyst: [0003] 1. During heat treatment, the oil component is vaporized, which causes the pressure in the reactor to rise rapidly, which not only causes the reaction to slow down or even stagnate, but also leads to a decrease in the sealing performance of the reactor; [0004] 2. During heat treatment, the oil component is vaporized, which suddenly increases the concentration of oil and gas in t...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] In the prior art, there is no particularly effective treatment method for the waste catalyst for hydrogenation of residual oil. The existing treatment method is generally simple heat treatment, and the equipment for treatment is generally a heating reactor. There are at least the following technical defects in the processing technology of the catalyst:

[0003] 1. During heat treatment, the oil component is vaporized, which causes the pressure in the reactor to rise rapidly, which not only causes the reaction to slow down or even stagnate, but also leads to a decrease in the sealing performance of the reactor;

[0004] 2. During heat treatment, the oil component is vaporized, which suddenly increases the concentration of oil and gas in the reactor, resulting in an increase in the gasification temperature, slower volatilization efficiency of oil and gas, more heat energy (electric heating) required for oil gasification, and a substantial increase in production costs ;

[0005] 3. During heat treatment, the gasification of the oil is very unstable, resulting in the inability to accurately control the process parameters such as temperature and pressure in the reactor, resulting in the inability to completely clean the oil and continuous production;

[0006] 4. During heat treatment, the discharged oil and gas cannot be cooled in time, and a large amount of liquid oil contained in the oil and gas cannot be effectively recovered. The direct discharge of oil and gas will pollute the environment, and a large amount of capital investment is required for oil and gas purification;

[0007] 5. During heat treatment, it can only be heated intermittently. After one batch of material is processed and cooled, it is discharged before proceeding to the next batch, and multiple reactors are required for use. Frequent switching of raw materials is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also takes up a lot of time. working space, but also easily lead to production safety accidents

[0008] 6. During heat treatment, frequent heating and cooling is required, which not only consumes high energy, but also has low processing capacity, which wastes a lot of manpower and material resources, making it difficult to carry out automated, large-scale, and industrialized operations

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