Method for efficiently treating oil-in-water emulsion by using super-hydrophilic nanofiber membrane with gradient structure

A technology of nanofiber membrane and gradient structure, which is applied in fiber treatment, chemical instruments and methods, permeation/dialysis water/sewage treatment, etc., can solve the problems of less involvement, achieve simple operation, excellent anti-pollution performance, and use in the preparation of raw materials less effect

Active Publication Date: 2021-05-11
TONGJI UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

It is still difficult and challenging to use superhydrophilic nanofibrous membranes to achieve efficient and rapid oil-water separation for nano-emulsions containing surfactants, and it is rarely involved in the field of oil-water separation of actual waste emulsions, so research and application are urgently needed

Method used

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  • Method for efficiently treating oil-in-water emulsion by using super-hydrophilic nanofiber membrane with gradient structure
  • Method for efficiently treating oil-in-water emulsion by using super-hydrophilic nanofiber membrane with gradient structure
  • Method for efficiently treating oil-in-water emulsion by using super-hydrophilic nanofiber membrane with gradient structure

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0049] See attached figure 1 , to prepare superhydrophilic nanofibrous membranes with gradient structures. Select a 500-mesh stainless steel mesh, cut it to a size of 300 mm in length and 210 mm in width, place it in acetone, ethanol, and distilled water for 5 minutes, and then dry it for later use. Weigh 1.6g PAN and dissolve it in 20mL N,N-dimethylformamide, stir magnetically at 500rpm at room temperature for 12h to prepare the first concentration electrospinning working solution with a PAN concentration of 8%, weigh 0.7g PAN and dissolve it in 20 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide was stirred at room temperature at 500 rpm for 12 hours to prepare a second concentration electrospinning working solution with a PAN concentration of 3.5%. Use adhesive tape to fix the stainless steel mesh on the receiving roller of the electrospinning machine, and spin the working solution with a PAN concentration of 8% on the stainless steel mesh. The operating voltage of the electrospinning machine ...

Embodiment 2

[0053] The ultra-hydrophilic nanofiber membrane with gradient structure prepared in Example 1 was used to treat the surfactant-stabilized nanoscale oil-in-water emulsion NE1 with a driving force of 3.0kPa, and multiple cycles were used continuously for oil-water separation. The efficiency, treatment flux and flux recovery rate were used to investigate the oil-water separation effect, anti-pollution and reusability. The results are attached Figure 4 As shown, using this method to treat nano-scale oil-in-water emulsion NE1, the treatment flux is 1143.33LMH, and the flux recovery rate is as high as 99.98%; in the process of continuous use for 8 times, the oil retention rate is 94.16%-97.20%, Percentage of treatment flux and initial flux (Ji / J 0 ) are higher than 90.9%, and the flux recovery rate is still greater than 86% after being reused for 6 times, which proves that the prepared superhydrophilic nanofibrous membrane with gradient structure of the present invention has highe...

Embodiment 3

[0055] The nano-scale oil-in-water emulsions NE1 and NE2 stabilized by anionic or cationic surfactants were treated with the superhydrophilic nanofibrous membrane with a gradient structure prepared in Example 1. The driving force was 3.0 kPa, and the oil rejection rate, filtrate The light transmittance and treatment flux were used to examine the oil-water separation effect. The results are attached Figure 5As shown, using this method to deal with anion / cation surfactant-stabilized nanoscale oil-in-water emulsions can achieve a very ideal oil-water separation effect, and the oil interception of anionic surfactant (SLS)-stabilized nanoscale emulsion NE1 The rate and light transmittance are 95.68% and 94.3% respectively, and the treatment flux is 1143.33LMH / bar, while the treatment of cationic surfactant (CTAB) stabilized nano-emulsion NE2 is slightly inferior, and the oil retention rate and light transmittance are respectively 92.51% and 92.4%, the processing flux is 935.45LMH...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for efficiently treating an oil-in-water emulsion by using a super-hydrophilic nanofiber membrane with a gradient structure, which comprises the specific preparation steps of preparing the super-hydrophilic nanofiber membrane with the gradient structure by electrostatic spinning, filtering distilled water for pre-wetting only under the action of gravity, and then directly filtering the oil-in-water emulsion for oil-water separation, wherein the filter membrane is directly reused after being simply cleaned by clean water. According to the invention, efficient oil-water separation can be achieved for oil-in-water emulsion with the liquid drop particle size ranging from the micron level to the nano level, the extremely high treatment flux can be achieved through low-pressure driving, the oil retention rate ranges from 92.51% to 99.52%, and the effect is not remarkably attenuated after the oil-water separation device is reused for 6 times; and the super-hydrophilic nanofiber membrane material with a gradient structure is used for realizing efficient oil-water separation on various nanoscale oil-in-water emulsions, and the material is convenient to prepare, mild in operation condition, high in oil retention rate and treatment flux, high in anti-pollution performance and wide in applicable treatment object range.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oily wastewater treatment, and in particular relates to a method for efficiently treating oil-in-water emulsions with a superhydrophilic nanofiber membrane with a gradient structure. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of my country's precision machining industry, the consumption of high-quality metalworking fluids is increasing day by day. These metalworking fluids are recycled and become waste emulsions after they fail. Waste emulsions have extremely high environmental pollution and ecological risks and are classified as hazardous waste. objects (code HW09). The waste emulsion from mechanical processing belongs to the oil-in-water emulsion, which contains a large amount of mineral oil and surfactant. The oil droplets in the emulsion are stably dispersed in the water phase as micro / nano-scale droplets under the wrapping effect of the surfactant. The stability is extremely strong, whi...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C02F1/44B01D71/42B01D69/12D01D5/00D04H1/728D04H1/43
CPCC02F1/44B01D71/42B01D69/12D01D5/003D01D5/0084D04H1/728D04H1/43B01D2325/36
Inventor 彭开铭张佳路黄翔峰刘婉琪熊永娇李乐雪郑维伟贺梦凡刘佳陆丽君
Owner TONGJI UNIV
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