A kind of device and method for coal tar fluidized bed pyrolysis treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for coal tar fluidized bed pyrolysis treatment. The device comprises a raw material mixing tank, a pyrolysis reactor, a coker, a fractionation tower and a liquid separation tank at the top of the fractionation tower; the method includes cracking and Condensation reaction; fractional distillation treatment; separate output; coke reaction; and return and discharge of high temperature coke particles. The invention discloses a coal tar fluidized bed pyrolysis treatment device and method, so as to more effectively treat and recover the distillate oil in low-quality coal tar, and separate and recover solid particles to achieve the effect of safety and environmental protection.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal tar processing, and in particular relates to a device and method for pyrolysis treatment of coal tar in a fluidized bed. Background technique [0002] Coal tar will be produced in the process of coal pyrolysis, coking and fixed bed gasification. These coal tars usually have the characteristics of dust, water, salt, high density, high aromatic content, high phenol content and high asphalt content. It is difficult to process technology in industry. Because the composition and quality of coal tar vary greatly, the coal tar production process usually requires complex pretreatment, which can process parts with a lighter distillation range, but it is still not suitable for solid tars with a heavier distillation range. processing plan. [0003] At present, the main processing method of coal tar includes the following steps: First, it is necessary to remove the solid sediment impurities in the coal tar by ...

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Problems solved by technology

Because the composition and quality of coal tar vary greatly, the production process of coal tar usually requires complex pretreatment to process the part with a lighter distillation range, but there is still no suitable solution for the solid tar with a heavier distillation range. Processing plan

[0003] At present, the main processing methods for coal tar include the following steps: First, sedimentation and filtration methods are required to remove solid sediment impurities in coal tar to prevent equipment and pipelines from being blocked in the subsequent coal tar distillation process, but the working environment of filtration operation is safe Poor performance, great impact on the environment, and complete removal of solid impurities cannot be achieved; secondly, dehydration and desalination of coal tar prevents scaling and corrosion of subsequent equipment, but the equipment required for dehydration and desalination is complex in structure and difficult to operate large and general separation effect; then, distill the treated coal tar to obtain light distillate oil and heavy distillate oil, and send the light distillate oil and heavy distillate oil directly to the coal tar hydrogenation unit or dephenolize first The device extracts useful phenolic substances and sends them to the hydrogenation unit to produce asphalt-reduced base oil

In order to further recover oil products, the coking method can only be used to make needle coke, electrode coke and other products, but because the ash components in coal tar are complex, the outlet for the produced coke is not good

And due to the limitations of the equipment, this method can only deal with the cleaner base oil, and the scope of application is narrow

[0004] In addition, coal tar is dusty and the oil quality is poor, resulting in complicated pretreatment steps, poor operating environment, and great difficulty in handling

The existing extraction methods and methods for preparing needle coke have their own shortcomings. The process of hydrotreating coal tar also has disadvantages such as easy coking and clogging, very high operating pressure, and complicated equipment, which cannot achieve the effect of safety and environmental protection.

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