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Thermal battery isolation layer with anti-overflow function and preparation method thereof

A thermal battery, anti-overflow technology, applied in the field of material chemistry, can solve the problems of poor mechanical strength of the isolation layer, electrolyte overflow, safety problems, etc., and achieve the effects of suppressing overflow, improving adsorption capacity, and enhancing mechanical strength.

Pending Publication Date: 2022-02-25
SHANGHAI INST OF SPACE POWER SOURCES
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, since the commonly used thermal battery separator is prepared by mixing magnesium oxide with molten salt electrolyte through a powder molding process, the mechanical strength of the separator under this preparation process is poor, and it is easy to be squeezed by the internal pressure of the battery during the discharge process. , the phenomenon of electrolyte overflow occurs, causing a short circuit inside the battery and causing serious safety problems

Method used

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  • Thermal battery isolation layer with anti-overflow function and preparation method thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a thermal battery isolation layer with an anti-overflow function, comprising:

[0026] Step 1: Cut the double-pass oriented vertical array membrane with a pore diameter of 50nm-2000nm and a pore depth of 30-200μm to the required size, then clean it with an organic solvent and dry it; in one embodiment, cut it to the required size After size, place it in acetone solution and soak for 3 hours, then take it out, and place it in a 60°C oven to dry for 3 hours.

[0027] Step 2: Immerse the double-pass oriented vertical array membrane dried in step 1 in a magnesium salt solution with a concentration of 10%-35%, take it out and place it in an oven for drying at a low temperature, the low temperature being 10-40°C . The soaking time can be 0.5-12h, and the drying time can be 1-12h. In one embodiment, after soaking for 6 hours, take it out and dry it in an oven at 80°C for 6 hours. The magnesium salt solution can be a...

Embodiment 1

[0038] Cut the double-pass anodized aluminum membrane with a pore diameter of 50nm and a pore depth of 30μm into a disc with a diameter of 5cm, place it in an acetone solution for 3 hours, and then dry it at 60°C for 3 hours. Immerse the dried double-pass anodized aluminum film in a magnesium acetate solution with a concentration of 35%, soak for 6 hours, take it out, place it in an oven at 80°C and dry it for 6 hours. Place the dried double-pass anodized aluminum film in a muffle furnace and slowly raise the temperature to 500°C, keep it warm for 6 hours, and take it out after cooling to room temperature. In an environment where the dew point is not greater than -36°C, mix the anodized aluminum film prepared in the previous step with 0.5g of LiF (9.6%), LiCl (22.0%), and LiBr (68.4%) and place it in a muffle furnace to raise the temperature After reaching 500°C, keep it warm for 6 hours, take it out after cooling to room temperature, remove the residual electrolyte on the sur...

Embodiment 2

[0043] Cut the double-pass anodized aluminum membrane with a pore diameter of 50nm and a pore depth of 200μm into a disc with a diameter of 5cm, place it in an acetone solution for 3 hours, and then dry it at 60°C for 3 hours. Immerse the dried double-pass anodized aluminum film in a magnesium acetate solution with a concentration of 35%, soak for 6 hours, take it out, place it in an oven at 80°C and dry it for 6 hours. Place the dried double-pass anodized aluminum film in a muffle furnace and slowly raise the temperature to 500°C, keep it warm for 6 hours, and take it out after cooling to room temperature. In an environment where the dew point is not greater than -36°C, the anodic aluminum oxide film prepared in the previous step is mixed with 1g of LiF (9.6%), LiCl (22.0%), LiBr (68.4%) and placed in a muffle furnace to heat up to After 500°C, keep it warm for 6 hours, take it out after cooling to room temperature, remove the residual electrolyte on the surface, and obtain a...

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Abstract

The invention provides a thermal battery isolation layer with an anti-overflow function and a preparation method thereof. The thermal battery isolation layer is characterized by comprising a bi-pass directional vertical array film, magnesium oxide and molten salt electrolyte, wherein the bi-pass directional vertical array film is used as an adsorption carrier, and the mass content of the bi-pass directional vertical array film is 20-40%; magnesium oxide is used as a particle filler, and the mass content is 10-30%; and the molten salt electrolyte is used as an ionic conduction medium, and the mass content is 40-70%. The thermal battery isolation layer with the anti-overflow function not only enhances the mechanical strength of the isolation layer, but also adsorbs the molten salt electrolyte inside the pipeline structure through the capillary action of the pipeline structure which is vertically arranged in a directional manner, so that the adsorption capacity of an adsorbent on the electrolyte of the thermal battery when the thermal battery works is greatly improved; and the electrolyte overflow phenomenon is inhibited. Meanwhile, the thickness of the isolation layer is 50-200 microns and is thinner than that of a common thermal battery isolation layer, so that the ion transmission distance can be remarkably reduced, and rapid transmission of ions in the isolation layer is realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of material chemistry, and in particular relates to a thermal battery isolation layer with an anti-overflow function and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] The thermal battery is a primary storage battery that uses its own heating material to heat and melt the non-conductive solid salt electrolyte at room temperature into an ionic conductor to output electric energy. Unique performance for normal operation between ~+60°C. Because thermal batteries have unique advantages such as long storage life, short activation time, high current density, high output power, and strong environmental adaptability, they are widely used in the field of weapons and emergency systems, such as tactical missiles, strategic missiles, and precision-guided bombs Wait. [0003] Commonly used electrolytes for thermal batteries are eutectic salt systems of alkali metal halides, such as LiF-LiCl-LiBr eutectic salt system...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M50/40H01M50/403H01M50/417
CPCH01M50/40H01M50/403H01M50/417Y02E60/10
Inventor 张迪越云博王学良朱兼王超田雯江露
Owner SHANGHAI INST OF SPACE POWER SOURCES
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