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Preparation method and application of cyclic quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte

A quaternary ammonium salt and electrolyte technology, applied in the directions of hybrid capacitor electrolytes, organic chemistry, etc., can solve the problems of unfavorable recycling and reuse, high cost of raw materials and equipment, rare reaction raw materials, etc., and avoid the operation and process of solvent distillation and separation. Simple, high reaction efficiency

Pending Publication Date: 2022-06-03
JIANGSU GUOTAI SUPER POWER NEW MATERIALS
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] In the prior art, the preparation method of the cyclic quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte is generally divided into two types. The first method is to use an aqueous inorganic alkali solution, an organic secondary amine and a dihaloalkane as raw materials to react to obtain a halogenated cyclic quaternary ammonium salt reaction solution; and then After dehydration, dissolve in an organic solvent, add ammonium salt of high-purity acid, carry out reflux reaction, and then filter, recrystallize, filter, and vacuum dry to obtain a high-purity cyclic quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte. The reaction process is relatively cumbersome. Solvent switching is more complicated, solvent consumption is large, and it is not conducive to recycling and reuse. At the same time, there are many problems such as low reaction conversion rate and high equipment cost.
The second method is to react methylation with pyrrolidine or N-substituted alkylpyrrolidine and dimethyl carbonate, and then react the obtained intermediate with ammonium salt to obtain the crude product of cyclic quaternary ammonium salt, which is purified by crystallization to obtain high Pure cyclic quaternary ammonium salt, the reaction raw materials are rare, the reaction conditions are harsh, high temperature and high pressure reaction is required, the cost of raw materials and equipment is high, and there are many problems such as by-product formation and low reaction conversion rate

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  • Preparation method and application of cyclic quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0047] Preparation of N,N-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate

[0048] (1), in reactor, adding successively mass concentration is 30% dimethylamine methanol solution (dimethylamine charging capacity is 2mol), 1mol 1,4-dibromobutane and 1mol potassium tetrafluoroborate, 50~60 React at ℃ for 6h to obtain N,N-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate reaction solution;

[0049] (2) The above reaction solution was filtered to obtain a methanol solution of N,N-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate, the solution was crystallized at -10°C to produce a large number of white crystals, and then filtered to obtain a high-purity ring quaternary ammonium salt crystals, and finally vacuum-dried at 120 °C for 20 h to obtain high-purity N,N-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate.

[0050] The purity of the product analyzed by ion chromatography was 99.9%, and the yield (calculated as dihaloalkane) reached 92%;

[0051] Detected by ICP: Na + : 0.77ppm, K + : 0.45ppm, Fe 3+ : 0.2ppm, Ca...

Embodiment 2

[0053] Preparation of N,N-Dimethylpiperidinium tetrafluoroborate

[0054] (1), successively add 30% dimethylamine methanol solution (the dimethylamine feeding amount is 2mol), 1mol 1,5-dichloropentane and 1mol sodium tetrafluoroborate in the reactor, react for 6h at 50~60°C , to obtain N,N-dimethylpiperidine alkynium tetrafluoroborate reaction solution;

[0055] (2) above-mentioned reaction solution is filtered to obtain the ethanolic solution of N,N-dimethylpiperidine alkynium tetrafluoroborate, the solution is crystallized under -10 ℃ condition, produces a large number of white crystals, and then filtered to obtain high-purity The cyclic quaternary ammonium salt crystals are finally vacuum dried at 120°C for 20 hours to obtain high-purity N,N-dimethylpiperidine alkynium tetrafluoroborate.

[0056] The purity of the product analyzed by ion chromatography was 99.9%, and the yield (calculated as dihaloalkane) reached 91%;

[0057] Detected by ICP: Na + : 1.97ppm, K + : 0.54...

Embodiment 3

[0060] Preparation of N,N-diethylpiperidinium tetrafluoroborate

[0061] (1), add 30% concentration of diethylamine ethanol solution (diethylamine feeding amount 2mol), 1mol 1,5-dibromopentane and 1mol ammonium tetrafluoroborate successively in the reaction kettle, react 6h at 50~60 ℃ , to obtain N,N-diethylpiperidine alkynium tetrafluoroborate reaction solution;

[0062] (2) filtering the above reaction solution to obtain an ethanolic solution of N,N-diethyl piperidinium tetrafluoroborate, the solution is crystallized at -10°C to produce a large number of white crystals, and then filtered to obtain high-purity The cyclic quaternary ammonium salt crystal is finally vacuum dried at 120°C for 20h to obtain high-purity N,N-diethylpiperidine alkynium tetrafluoroborate.

[0063] The purity of the product analyzed by ion chromatography was 99.9%, and the yield (calculated as dihaloalkane) reached 87%;

[0064] Detected by ICP: Na + : 0.43ppm, K + : 0.13ppm, Fe 3+ : 0.46ppm, Ca ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a cyclic quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte, organic secondary amine, dihaloalkane and tetrafluoroborate react in an alcohol solvent, and the reaction liquid is post-treated to obtain the cyclic quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte. Wherein the feeding molar ratio of the organic secondary amine to the alkyl dihalide is greater than or equal to 2: 1. The raw materials are low in price and easy to obtain, the reaction steps and post-treatment are simple, the efficiency is higher, the cost is lower, the requirement for equipment is lower, and the method is more suitable for industrial production. The cyclic quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte obtained by the preparation method is high in purity and can be used for a supercapacitor.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention specifically relates to a preparation method and application of a cyclic quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte. Background technique [0002] As a new type of electrochemical storage device, supercapacitors have the characteristics of high power density, long cycle life, wide temperature adaptability and environmental friendliness, and are widely used in computers, electric vehicles and other industries. As an important part of supercapacitors, the quality of electrolytes directly affects the product performance of supercapacitors. The electrolytes of supercapacitors are mainly divided into two categories: aqueous electrolytes and non-aqueous electrolytes. Aqueous electrolytes are gradually eliminated from the market due to their low decomposition voltage, which limits the energy density of devices. Non-aqueous electrolytes have received extensive attention due to their high energy density, good chemical stability and thermal stability, ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C07D295/037H01G11/62
CPCC07D295/037H01G11/62Y02E60/13
Inventor 汤涛季宇轩张涛高冬任齐都熊鲲
Owner JIANGSU GUOTAI SUPER POWER NEW MATERIALS
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