Photoelectrochemical cell for carbon dioxide conversion

a photoelectrochemical and carbon dioxide technology, applied in the field of photoelectrochemical cells, can solve the problems of high overpotential, high overpotential, and largely unpredictable changes in the environmen

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-06-21
THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIV OF ILLINOIS
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0007]One aspect of the disclosure is a method of electrochemically reducing carbon dioxide and oxidizing water in an electrochemical device, the me

Problems solved by technology

Such levels will cause radical and largely unpredictable changes in the environment.
The chemical inertness of CO2, however, renders most conversion processes highly inefficient.
Current catalysts are plagued by weak binding interactions between the reaction intermediates and the catalyst (giving rise to high overpotentials)

Method used

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  • Photoelectrochemical cell for carbon dioxide conversion
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  • Photoelectrochemical cell for carbon dioxide conversion

Examples

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example 1

Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Preparation

[0145]Transition metal dichalcogenides (e.g., MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2) were synthesized through direct reaction of pure forms of the relevant elements followed by a vapor transport process in an evacuated ampule at elevated temperatures. In this method, powders of the transition metals and chalcogens (>99.99% trace metal basis purity) were mixed in the desired stoichiometric ratio and loaded into a quartz ampule. The total loaded weight was about one gram. Each quartz ampule had a 1 cm internal diameter and a 20 cm length. The ampule was then evacuated with a turbo molecule pump (−6 mbar) and sealed with a hydrogen torch. The ampule was placed into a two-zone CVD furnace and the temperature of both zones was raised to 1080° C. over 1 day. The temperature of the empty end of the ampule (the cold zone) was then gradually cooled to 950° C. over 4 days, while the other end was maintained at 1080° C., providing single crystalline grains with ...

example 2

Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanoflake Preparation

[0146]The crystalline grains produced according to Example 1 were ground to a powder. Nanoflakes were formed by sonicating a dispersion of 300 mg of ground transition metal dichalcogenide powder in 60 mL of isopropanol. The dispersion was sonicated for 30 hours, using a sonication probe (Vibra Cell Sonics 130 W). The sonicated dispersions were then centrifuged for 60 minutes at 2000 rpm, after which the supernatant (the top two thirds of the centrifuged dispersion) was collected by pipette and stored in a glass vial. FIG. 4 shows nanoflakes dispersed in isopropanol, after centrifugation.

example 3

Nanoflake Characterization

[0147]Dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments were performed to measure nanoflake sizes using a NiComp ZLS 380 system configured with a 35 mW semiconductor laser (670 nm emission) and a thermoelectric temperature control for samples (held at 25° C.). Nanoflakes dispersed in isopropanol were measured, providing the normal distributions shown in FIG. 5.

[0148]The nanoflakes were also characterized by Raman spectroscopy, using a HORIBA LabRAM HR Evolution confocal Raman microscope configured with a 532 nm laser source, a 1200 g / mm grating, a Horiba Andor detector, and a 100x objective. Laser powers at the sample were held between 1-15 mW. Integration times and averaging parameters were chosen to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio. Results are shown in FIG. 6.

[0149]Finally, WSe2 nanoflakes were imaged with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to understand the microscale morphology of the nanoflakes. Samples were imaged with a Carl Zeiss SEM instrument integrat...

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Abstract

the present disclosure relates to photoelectrochemical cells and methods for using such for reduction of carbon dioxide and oxidation of water. In one aspect, the disclosure provides a method of electrochemically reducing carbon dioxide in an electrochemical cell, comprising contacting the carbon dioxide with at least one transition metal dichalcogenide in the electrochemical cell and at least one helper catalyst and applying a potential to the electrochemical cell.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 436,870, filed Dec. 20, 2017, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSUREField of the Disclosure[0002]This disclosure relates generally to photoelectrochemical cells. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to photoelectrochemical cells and methods for using such for reduction of carbon dioxide and oxidation of water.Technical Background[0003]In 2013, the global concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere reached 400 parts per million (ppm) for the first time in recorded history. Such levels will cause radical and largely unpredictable changes in the environment. Recent efforts have shown that CO2 can be converted by electrochemical reduction processes driven by renewable energy sources into energy-rich fuels (e.g., syngas, methanol), offering an efficient path for both CO2 remedia...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C25B11/04C25B1/04C25B9/04C25B9/10C25B9/23
CPCC25B11/0442C25B1/04C25B9/04C25B9/10C25B1/00Y02E60/36Y02P20/133C25B9/65C25B9/23C25B3/25C25B11/073C25B11/075
Inventor SALEHI-KHOJIN, AMINASADI, MOHAMMADMONTICELLI, ALESSANDROYASAEI, POYAKUMAR, BIJANDA
Owner THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIV OF ILLINOIS
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