The invention relates to a novel ultrasonic atomization sputum aspirator. The ultrasonic atomization sputum aspirator comprises a sputum aspiration pipe, a sputum liquid bottle, a negative pressure bottle, a negative pressure control device, an ultrasonic atomizer, a thermostat and a base; the far end of sputum aspiration pipe is of an arc structure, the sputum aspiration pipe comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, first side holes are formed in the inner pipe, second side holes are formed in the outer pipe, the first side holes and the second side holes are staggered at the axial position, and connecting lines formed by connecting the first side holes and the second side holes in a staggered mode are spirally distributed. The novel ultrasonic atomization sputum aspirator can reduce injury of tracheal mucosa, carry out shaping, aspirate sputum in different airflow directions, carry out atomization and humidifying treatment through ultrasound and completely solve complication problems of existing equipment such as tracheal mucosa injury, pulmonary atelectasis, bronchospasm, hyoxemia, infection, artificial airway blocking and sputum aspiration pipe blocking.