73 results about "Spin-Spin Relaxation Time" patented technology

To suppress an excessive reduction in resistance of an electro-conductive roller under an H / H environment and reduce a resistance value thereof under an L / L environment, provided is an electro-conductive member for electrophotography, comprising: an electro-conductive mandrel; and an electro-conductive layer provided on a periphery of the mandrel, wherein the electro-conductive layer contains a binder resin having an alkylene oxide structure, and a sulfo or a quaternary ammonium group as an ion exchange group, and an ion having polarity opposite to polarity of the ion exchange group, a water content of the electro-conductive layer under a temperature of 30° C. and a relative humidity of 80% is 10 mass % or less, and a spin-spin relaxation time of the electro-conductive layer, which is determined by pulse NMR measurement with a hydrogen core being a measurement core under a temperature of 15° C. and a relative humidity of 10%, is 200 μsec or more.

A disc brake shim plate including a metal plate and a rubber section formed on at least one side of the metal plate. The rubber section includes an elastomer and carbon nanofibers having an average diameter of 0.5 to 500 nm and dispersed in the elastomer; the rubber section in uncrosslinked form has a first spin-spin relaxation time (T2n), measured at 150° C. by a Hahn-echo method using a pulsed NMR technique with 1H as an observing nucleus, of 100 to 3000 microseconds, and a fraction (fnn) of components having a second spin-spin relaxation time (T2nn) of less than 0.2; and the elastomer is one material selected from a natural rubber, an ethylene-propylene rubber, and a nitrile rubber.

Toner contains a binder resin, wherein the binder resin contains a block copolymer A containing a crystalline segment X and a non-crystalline segment Y, wherein the toner has a thermo-mechanical analysis (TMA) compressive deformation amount (TMA %) of 10% or less at 50° C. and a relative humidity of 90%, wherein the toner has a spin-spin relaxation time (t130) of 10 ms or greater at 130° C. as measured by pulse nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), wherein the toner has a spin-spin relaxation time (t′70) of 1 ms or less at 70° C. as measured by pulse NMR when descending from 130° C. to 70° C.

To suppress an excessive reduction in resistance of an electro-conductive roller under an H / H environment and reduce a resistance value thereof under an L / L environment, provided is an electro-conductive member for electrophotography, comprising: an electro-conductive mandrel; and an electro-conductive layer provided on a periphery of the mandrel, wherein the electro-conductive layer contains a binder resin having an alkylene oxide structure, and a sulfo or a quaternary ammonium group as an ion exchange group, and an ion having polarity opposite to polarity of the ion exchange group, a water content of the electro-conductive layer under a temperature of 30° C. and a relative humidity of 80% is 10 mass % or less, and a spin-spin relaxation time of the electro-conductive layer, which is determined by pulse NMR measurement with a hydrogen core being a measurement core under a temperature of 15° C. and a relative humidity of 10%, is 200 μsec or more.

A method and system for adaptive acquisition of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data by initially performing an analysis of a set of samples using a wide range of spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) times, and spin-spin relaxation time (T2) times of the sample under magnetic resonance imaging, and ranking the level of impact each of those T1s and T2s has on inversion times (TIs) and echo times (TEs) respectively. The method and system create a look-up table based on the data generated, and then perform another measurement using a smaller number of T1s and T2s using a small number of TIs and TEs, and compare the results to the data in the look-up table in order to select the closest point in the look-up table.

In a light-emitting apparatus using a silicone resin as a sealant of its light-emitting element, it is intended to prevent discoloration of its lead frame. A light-emitting element fixed to a lead frame is sealed with a sealed portion formed by a silicone resin. An average spin-spin relaxation time of the silicone resin is equal to or smaller than 100 microseconds at 25° C. at a resonance frequency of 25 MHz.

A toner includes a binder resin including a copolymer resin containing structural units derived from crystalline and non-crystalline resins, respectively. Spin-spin relaxation time (t50) of the toner at 50° C. measured by pulse NMR is ≦0.05 msec., spin-spin relaxation time (t130) at 130° C. when warmed from 50° C. to 130° C. is >15 msec., and spin-spin relaxation time (t′70) at 70° C. when cooled from 130° C. to 70° C. is ≦1.00 msec. A binarized image obtained by binarizing a phase image of the toner observed by a tapping mode AFM based on intermediate value between maximum and minimum phase difference values in the phase image includes first phase difference images constituted by large phase-difference portions and a second phase difference image constituted by a small phase-difference portion. The first phase difference images are dispersed in the second phase difference image. The dispersion diameter of the first phase difference images is 150 nm or less.

Provided is a surface protective sheet which satisfactorily adheres even to a coated surface having a rough surface, and not only does not cause an adhesive residue that can be observed with eyes but also does not impair the self-cleaning property of the surface of a coated plate. The surface protective sheet includes: a base material layer; and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, in which: a main component in a pressure-sensitive adhesive for constructing the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer includes a polymer P obtained by cross-linking a polymer A; in pulse NMR measurement of the polymer P at 30° C., the maximum spin-spin relaxation time T2MAX in all spin-spin relaxation times T2 of protons to be measured falls within the range of 300 to 800 μs; and the content of a polymer component corresponding to the maximum spin-spin relaxation time T2MAX in the polymer P is 60% or more.

A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) system and method for determining oil and water composition in drilling mud by separating out signals from oil and water in a two dimensional relaxation space wherein the oil and water ratio is a function of the separated out signals. The spin-lattice relaxation time distribution or a spin-spin relaxation time distribution of the sample is measured and a spin-lattice versus spin-spin or a spin-spin versus diffusion two-dimensional procedure is applied to separate the components of the drilling fluid. The signal intensities from the oil and water regions of the one-dimensional or two-dimensional NMR measurements are used to quantify the relative portion of the proton NMR signal from the oil and water and to determine the ratio of oil and water in the drilling mud.

A polishing pad for polishing a semiconductor device and manufacturing method therefor, the polishing pad comprising a polishing layer having a polyurethane-polyurea resin foam containing substantially spherical cells, wherein an M-component of the polyurethane-polyurea resin foam has a spin-spin relaxation time T2 of 160 to 260 μs, the polyurethane-polyurea resin foam has a storage elastic modulus E′ of 1 to 30 MPa, the storage elastic modulus E′ being measured at 40° C. with an initial load of 10 g, a strain range of 0.01 to 4%, and a measuring frequency of 0.2 Hz in a tensile mode, and the polyurethane-polyurea resin foam has a density D in a range from 0.30 to 0.60 g / cm3. The polishing pad remedies the problem of scratches occurring when a conventional hard (dry) polishing pad is used, which is excellent in polishing rate and polishing uniformity, and can be used for primary polishing or finish polishing.

A toner, including: a colorant; a binder resin; and a releasing agent, wherein the binder resin includes a polyester resin, and the toner satisfies requirements (1) and (2) below: (1): G′(50)≧3.0×107 Pa and 1.0×105 Pa≦G′(60)≦1.0×107 Pa, where G′(50) is a storage modulus at 50° C. of the toner and G′(60) is a storage modulus at 60° C. of the toner; and (2): a spin-spin relaxation time of the toner at 50° C. measured by solid echo method of pulse NMR is 1.0 ms or shorter.

Provided is a cleaning blade including an elastic member, wherein a spin-spin relaxation time (T2) of the elastic member obtained by a solid echo method in a pulse NMR analysis is longer than or equal to 0.60 msec but shorter than or equal to 1.0 msec, and wherein the elastic member has a contact part to contact a surface of a cleaning target member, and the contact part contains a cured product of a curable composition.

Provided is [i] a toner including at least a colorant, a resin, and a releasing agent, wherein a spin-spin relaxation time (t2) of the toner at 90° C. obtained by Hahn Echo method of pulse NMR analysis is from 1.80 msec to 7.00 msec. Also provided is [ii] a toner according to [i], wherein the spin-spin relaxation time (t2) of the toner at 90° C. obtained by Hahn Echo method of pulse NMR analysis is from 3.80 msec to 5.90 msec.

The application is suitable for the technical field of magnetic resonance, and provides a rapid magnetic resonance multi-parameter imaging method and device. The method comprises the steps: collectingN groups of data through a pulse sequence, and carrying out the reconstruction based on the N groups of data to obtain N images, setting the N to be an integer greater than or equal to 1; generatinga dictionary from the parameters of the pulse sequence, a spin-lattice relaxation time constant T1 and a spin-spin relaxation time constant T2 through a fractional order Bloch model; and matching thesignal sequences of the corresponding pixels on the N images with the entries in the dictionary, and determining final R tissue characteristic parameter graphs as the output of fingerprint imaging according to the matching degree. According to the application, the accuracy of magnetic resonance fingerprint quantitative imaging can be improved.

The invention provides a determination method for the reaction activity order of active hydrogen-containing components and a curing agent in a propellant, wherein the method is applied to the field of nuclear magnetic analysis of spaceflight fuels. The method comprises the following steps: determination of a detection object; preparation of detection samples; selection of detection conditions; implementation of sample detection; and processing of detection data. According to the invention, a mixed uniform system of active hydrogen-containing components and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) in the propellant is taken as the detection object. To prepare the samples, groups are proportioned according to concentrations, grouped and then uniformly mixed; and a proper amount of the samples are selected and placed in a chromatographic bottle. A low-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer is employed, and the detection conditions are selected. The changing curve of spin-spin relaxation time T2 with reaction time is detected, each vertical coordinate of the curve is normalized, and the reaction activity order of each component and TDI is acquired according to the speed of slope changes before the curve tends to be flat. The determination method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, safety in experiments, reduction in cost, reliable experimental data, optimized detection conditions and simplified detection process.

A curable composition includes a polymerizable compound containing diethylene glycol dimethacrylate and a mono-functional (meth)acrylate having an OH group and a resin, wherein the resin satisfies the following (1) and (2), (1). a viscosity at 25 degrees C. of a liquid mixture of 70 parts of the diethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 30 parts of the resin is 15 to 27 times greater than that of the diethylene glycol dimethacrylate alone, and (2). the liquid mixture has a spin-spin relaxation time of 240 ms or less as measured by Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) of pulse Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis.

The invention relates to a method for screening an anaerobe traditional Chinese medicine inhibitor on basis of a ZnO nanoprobe and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine development and application. The method depends on establishment of a method based on the prepared ZnO nanoprobe and used for screening a traditional Chinese medicine formula for inhibiting anaerobes. Whether a sample contains target bacteria is detected by using the characteristic that the antibody-coated magnetic ZnO nanoprobe can perform specific combination on the target bacteria and by using the effect of the magnetic characteristic of ZnO on nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation time. The magnetic ZnO nanoprobe has a linear relation with the nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation time within a certain range, that is, the higher the nano ZnO content, the shorter the nuclear magnetic resonance spin-lattice relaxation time and spin-spin relaxation time of the sampler is, the target bacteria can be detected quantitatively in a certain range, and the antibacterial effect of the traditional Chinese medicine formula is indirectly evaluated. The method can be used for screening the traditional Chinese medicine formula having the inhibition effect on the anaerobes and increase the development speed of traditional Chinese medicine products.

The invention provides a fat temperature measuring method. The fat temperature measuring method comprises the following steps: detecting spinning-spinning relaxation time T2 of fat tissue based on aninterval scanning three-echo steady state iTESS sequence; and according to the corresponding relation between the fat temperature marked in advance and the spinning-spinning relaxation time T2 of thefat tissue, searching for the fat temperature corresponding to the detected spinning-spinning relaxation time T2. For the fat temperature measuring method realizing T2 detection based on the iTESS sequence, the pure constraint of the fat tissue is eliminated, rapid detection can be carried out, a radio-frequency pulse flip angle used by the sequence is small, and the problem that an SAR value exceeds the standard seldom occurs.

In a light-emitting apparatus using a silicone resin as a sealant of its light-emitting element, it is intended to prevent discoloration of its lead frame. A light-emitting element fixed to a lead frame is sealed with a sealed portion formed by a silicone resin. An average spin-spin relaxation time of the silicone resin is equal to or smaller than 100 microseconds at 25° C. at a resonance frequency of 25 MHz.

An ink application method is provided. In the method, an ink is discharged to an object by an inkjet method, to apply the ink to the object. The object includes a base material and a gel layer overlying the base material, and the gel layer includes a vinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer. The ink is an oil-based ink. When a free induction decay curve of the object obtained by a pulse NMR method is separated into two curves respectively derived from a hard component and a soft component, the curve derived from the hard component accounts for 35% to 40% of the free induction decay curve, and the curve derived from the soft component has a spin-spin relaxation time of from 30.0 to 45.0 ms when obtained by a Hahn echo method.

To provide a toner, which contains: a colorant; a resin; and a releasing agent, wherein a spin-spin relaxation time (T2s) originated from a soft component is 0.10 msec to 0.50 msec, where the soft component is obtained with a hard component from an echo signal of the toner by a solid-echo technique of pulsed NMR, and a proportion of a proton intensity of the soft component is 50.0% or lower.

The invention provides a Fe-Nb-Cu-B nanometer probe based method for screening a traditional Chinese medicine inhibitor of anaerobic bacteria, and belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine development and application technology. The method for screening a traditional Chinese medicine formula for inhibiting anaerobic bacteria is established depending on preparation of a Fe-Nb-Cu-B nanometer probe. The characteristic that the paramagnetic Fe-Nb-Cu-B nanometer probe which is coated by antibodies can carry out specific binding with a target bacterium is used, influence of paramagnetic properties of Fe-Nb-Cu-B on relaxation time of nuclear magnetic resonance is used, in order to detect whether the target bacterium is contained in a sample. The relaxation time of nuclear magnetic resonance of the paramagnetic Fe-Nb-Cu-B nanometer probe in certain extent displays a linear relation, that is the more content of nanometer Fe-Nb-Cu-B, the smaller nuclear magnetic resonance spin-crystal lattice relaxation time and spin-spin relaxation time values of the sample the target bacterium can be quantitatively determined in a certain scope, and antibacterial effect of the traditional Chinese medicine formula can be indirectly evaluated. The method can be used for screening traditional Chinese medicine formula which has inhibition effects for anaerobic bacteria, and accelerating development speed of traditional Chinese medicine products.

Provided is a surface protective film which has high adhesive strength and high light peeling resistance, and with which it is possible to curb the occurrence of air bubbles when subjected to high-temperature high-pressure treatment by an autoclave or the like after being affixed to an object to be coated (preferably an object to be coated having a consistent level of water contact angle of the surface) and is subsequently returned to room temperature and normal pressure. This surface protective film contains an adhesive layer and a base material layer, and when a free induction decay signal obtained by pulse NMR measurement of the adhesive layer is separated into two components by the nonlinear least squares method, the component with a short relaxation is defined as the hard component (S) and the component with a long relaxation is defined as the soft component (L), the ratio T2(L)60 / T2(L)30 of the spin-spin relaxation T2 (L)30 of protons of the soft component (L) measured at 30 DEG C and the spin-spin relaxation T2 (L)60 of protons of the soft component (L) measured at 60DEG C falls within the range of 2.15 to 3.05, shear adhesive strength is at least 10 N / cm2, and high-speed peel force does not exceed 0.8 N / 25 mm.

The invention belongs to the technical field of grain insect detection, and specifically discloses a method for detecting grain insects by use of nuclear magnetic resonance technology. The method fordetecting the grain insects is as follows: first using insect non-infested stored grain particles as a standard product, performing low-frequency nuclear magnetic resonance testing on the standard product, using a CPMG pulse sequence to determine the spin-spin relaxation time T2 of the standard product; then taking a sample to be tested for low-frequency nuclear magnetic resonance testing, and using the CPMG pulse sequence to determine the spin-spin relaxation time T2 of the sample to be tested; and analyzing data of the spin-spin relaxation time T2 of the standard product and data of the spin-spin relaxation time T2 of the sample to be tested, when the data of the spin-spin relaxation time T2 of the standard product and the data of the spin-spin relaxation time T2 of the sample to be tested are significantly different, insect eggs, larvae or pupaes in the to-be-detected stored grain sample particles can be determined, namely, the to-be-detected stored grain has the insects. The methodfor the grain detecting insects has the advantages of being fast and simple, high in precision and good in repeatability.

A roller for electrophotography that has a low electric resistance value and that is still further reduced in contaminating property of other member is provided. The roller includes an electro-conductive mandrel and a surface layer having an electro-conductive foam. The electro-conductive foam includes a vulcanized product of an unvulcanized rubber composition including an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and a hydrin rubber. The vulcanized product has a matrix-domain structure having a sea phase and an island phase, contains ethylene oxide of 8.0% by mass or more and 20.0% by mass or less based on a total amount of the vulcanized product, and has a spin-spin relaxation time T2 of 750 [mu]s<T2<930 [mu]s.

To provide a toner, which contains: a colorant; a resin; and a releasing agent, wherein a spin-spin relaxation time (T2s) originated from a soft component is 0.10 msec to 0.50 msec, where the soft component is obtained with a hard component from an echo signal of the toner by a solid-echo technique of pulsed NMR, and a proportion of a proton intensity of the soft component is 50.0% or lower.

An impeller for a fuel pump is molded by a molding material containing a phenolic resin and an inorganic filler. A content at a minimum spin-spin relaxation time is 70% or higher with respect to a whole when approximating a free induction decay curve, which is obtained by Solid Echo Method in a pulse NMR measurement at 90° C., with a sum of relaxation curves of three components. The content at the minimum spin-spin relaxation time corresponds to a content of a portion of the phenolic resin, which forms the impeller for the fuel pump, where a cross-linking reaction is caused. A swelling amount of the impeller due to a liquid containing a fuel and water decreases as a crosslink density of the phenolic resin increases. The swelling amount of the impeller in the present disclosure is smaller than the swelling amount of an impeller molded by PPS resin.