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Ion exchange fiber material one-step preparation method

A technology of ion exchange fiber and synthetic fiber, applied in the direction of cation exchange material, ion exchange, anion exchange, etc., can solve the problems of monomer waste, low grafting efficiency, environmental pollution, etc., and achieve the effect of good stability

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-06-10
SUN YAT SEN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] Due to the chemical stability of fibers such as tetrafluoroethylene, it is difficult to chemically modify the surface of fibers using ordinary chemical methods.
For example, patent CN 1608734A discloses a method for co-irradiating polytetrafluoroethylene fibers and styrene monomers, grafting fibers through sulfonation of chlorosulfonic acid to prepare strong acid ion exchange fibers, but the grafting efficiency of this method is very low , resulting in a large waste of monomers, and the grafting rate cannot be controlled; moreover, acidic waste liquid is produced during the sulfonation process, causing environmental pollution and equipment corrosion, making the industrialization of this product very difficult

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0019] Weigh a certain amount of pretreated polytetrafluoroethylene fiber into a stoppered Erlenmeyer flask, and seal it with a silica gel membrane. It is irradiated with cobalt 60 gamma rays, the radiation dose is controlled to 48KGy, and the irradiation time is 55 hours. Sodium sulfonate styrene, acrylic acid monomer (monomer ratio: 1:3) and dichloromethane were prepared into a homogeneous mixed solution at a volume percentage of 60:40, and added at a bath ratio of 1:30 (weight: volume) 3.5g pre-irradiated polytetrafluoroethylene fiber, add activator Mohr's salt by 5%, react at 80 DEG C for 6 hours, remove organic solvent and unpolymerized monomer by vacuum distillation of grafting system after reaction, The calculated monomer conversion rate was 95%, soaked in toluene for 2 days, removed the homopolymer by suction filtration, washed with methanol, and dried in vacuum. The calculated graft rate was 167%, and the graft efficiency was 10.4%. Transform the fiber material with ...

Embodiment 2

[0021] Weigh a certain amount of pretreated polytetrafluoroethylene fiber into a stoppered Erlenmeyer flask, and seal it with a silica gel membrane. It is irradiated with cobalt 60 gamma rays, the radiation dose is controlled to 48KGy, and the irradiation time is 55 hours. Sodium sulfonate styrene, acrylic acid monomer (monomer ratio: 1:3) and N, N-dimethylformamide are prepared into a homogeneous mixed solution at a volume percentage of 60:40, with a bath ratio of 1:30 (weight:volume) 3.5 g of pre-irradiated polytetrafluoroethylene fiber was added, activator mohr salt was added at 5%, the reaction temperature was 75° C., and the reaction time was 8 hours. Subsequent treatment was the same as in Example 1, and the same type of ion exchange fiber material was obtained, the monomer conversion rate was 98%, the grafting rate was 120%, and the grafting efficiency was 7.5%. The maximum static exchange capacity is 3.0mmol / g, of which the strong acid part is 1.85mmol / g.

Embodiment 3

[0023] Weigh a certain amount of pretreated polyacrylonitrile fiber into a stoppered Erlenmeyer flask, and seal it with a silica gel membrane. It is irradiated with cobalt 60 gamma rays, the radiation dose is controlled to 48KGy, and the irradiation time is 55 hours. Sodium sulfonate styrene, acrylic acid monomer (monomer ratio: 1:5) and dichloromethane were prepared into a uniform mixed solution at a volume percentage of 50:50, and added at a bath ratio of 1:30 (weight: volume) 3.5g pre-irradiated polyacrylonitrile fiber, add activator nano-magnesium powder by 5%, react at 80°C for 6 hours, remove organic solvent and unpolymerized monomer by vacuum distillation of the graft system after reaction, calculate The conversion rate of the monomer is 96%. Soak in toluene for 2 days, remove the homopolymer by suction filtration, wash with methanol, and dry in vacuum. The calculated grafting rate is 133%, and the grafting efficiency is 9.79%. Transform the fiber material with 1M hydr...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing ion exchange fiber materials. The method takes fibers such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile and polyvinyl alcohol which still have good stability and integrity in an extreme environment as a substrate, prepares the strong-acid and weak-acid bifunctional ion exchange fiber materials by pre-irradiation grafting, and provides products with more superior performance for application (such as purification of strong acid reagent and strong alkali reagent) of the ion exchange fiber materials under harsh conditions. The static adsorption capacity of the products can be controlled to be between 3.0 and 4.98 mmol / g, wherein the static adsorption capacity of strong acid parts is between 1.85 and 2.57 mmol / g. The method has high pre-irradiation grafting efficiency, avoids huge waste of monomers in mutual irradiation, can make the grafting ratio realize controllable operation, avoid utilization of strong corrosive materials such as concentrated sulfuric acid and chlorosulfonic acid for sulfonation reaction, avoid environmental pollution and equipment corrosion, has simple process and easy operation, and provides favorable conditions for industrialization of the ion exchange fiber materials.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method technology for preparing novel ion-exchange fiber materials through pre-irradiation grafting with fibers such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile and polyvinyl alcohol as substrates, and belongs to the field of functional polymer materials. Background technique [0002] With the advancement of science and technology and the development of society, people put forward new requirements for separation materials. Ion exchange fiber is called the functional material of the 21st century by the scientific and technological circles and the industry, and is a new type of environmentally conscious material. Such materials have been widely used in the purification of pharmaceutical components, nuclear wastewater and industrial sewage treatment, waste gas and poisonous gas treatment, air and drinking water purification, food and drug decolorization, precious metal enrichment and organic solvent ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J39/20B01J47/12B01J41/13
Inventor 陈水挟张其坤张素娟秦庭艳
Owner SUN YAT SEN UNIV
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