Method for preparing polyurethane/phenolic aldehyde foam thermal insulation material

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing a polyurethane / phenolic aldehyde foam thermal insulation material and belongs to the field of the foam thermal insulation material. The invention aims to solve the problems of poor fire resistant property and strong brittleness in the prior polyurethane foam and phenolic aldehyde foam respectively. The method comprises the following steps that: a prepolymer of alkali phenolic resin, isocyanate and polyether glycol are used as raw materials, and the prepolymer is added with a surfactant and a foaming agent for free foaming at room temperature to prepare the polyurethane / phenolic aldehyde foam thermal insulation material, wherein the weight ratio of the isocyanate to the alkali phenolic resin is 3-1:1, the consumption of the polyether glycol is 20 to 50 percent of the weight of the isocyanate, the consumption of the surface active agent is 4 to 10 percent of the weight of the alkali phenolic resin, and the consumption of the foaming agent is 1 to 10 percent of the weight of the alkali phenolic resin. The method has the advantages of the suitability for places where the foaming-in-place insulation is necessary, stable process reaction, good operability and easily bought raw materials; and the foam thermal insulation material prepared by the method has the advantages of little surface pulverization, good toughness, good fire resistant property, and the like.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of foam insulation materials, and specifically relates to a preparation method of a polyurethane / phenolic foam insulation material with high reaction efficiency, simple process, strong operability, low pollution and good toughness. Background technique [0002] Phenolic resin is a collective term for resins formed by polycondensation of phenol and aldehyde. As one of the three major synthetic thermosetting resins, it is the first synthetic resin to be developed and industrialized. Since its founder, American scientist Dr. Leo Backeland, put phenolic resin into commercial production for the first time in 1905, it has a history of one hundred years. Due to its wide source of raw materials, less complex production process and equipment, and excellent product performance, it has been widely used in many production and life fields. For example, coatings, adhesives, acid-resistant mortars, phenolic plastics, phenolic foams can b...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Like other organic polymer materials, polyurethane is a highly flammable polymer, especially foam plastic, which has low density, large specific surface area, and good heat insulation, but the combustion problem hinders the development of polyurethane materials [Zhu Guoqiang, Dong Ming, Gu Zhihong, Development of Flame Retardant Flexible Polyurethane Foam, Polyurethane Industry, 1996(1); Xu Hongyan, Chen Su, Application Research of JS-N 350 Polyether Polyol in High Resilience Cold Curing Foam, Jinling Petrochemical, 1989(6); Su Dongliang, Li Haizhou, Huang Rushen, Qi Tianyou, Research on Flexible Polyurethane Foam Technology, Fire Protection Technology and Product Information, 1997(12)]

[0004] The toughened phenolic foam mentioned in the Chinese patent CN200310113967 and the U.S. patent US6476090 "phenolic foam" mainly improve the foam through foaming agents and additives; the Chinese patent CN200610024607.9 mainly uses cashew nut shell oil to modify the foam performance, and the foam is pulverized And the treatment of phenolic wastewater has been improved, but the improvement of foam toughness is general

[0005] There are bibliographical reports by adopting the method of polyurethane modified phenolic foam, but the addition of its polyurethane elastic prepolymer is only 3%, and polyurethane can not be well miscible with phenolic resin (Cheng Jue. Liang Mingli. Jin Guantai, polyurethane prepolymer Research on the Brittleness of Modified Phenolic Foamed Plastics, Plastic Industry, Volume 32, Issue 1, January 2004)