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Fibers for decontamination of chemical and biological agents

A fiber and reagent technology, applied in the field of fibers, can solve the problems of exponential decline, metal oxide particles cannot be confined to the filter tank, and cannot function as an antidote, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-03-24
NAT UNIV OF SINGAPORE
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the large filter pore size means that small sized metal oxide particles cannot be confined within the canister
If larger metal oxide particles could be used in the canister, the adsorption properties of the metal oxide particles would subsequently and exponentially decrease, making them less effective as antidotes

Method used

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  • Fibers for decontamination of chemical and biological agents
  • Fibers for decontamination of chemical and biological agents
  • Fibers for decontamination of chemical and biological agents

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0069] Embodiment 1-preparation of the airgel method of magnesium oxide nanoparticles

[0070] Magnesium methoxide was prepared by stirring magnesium and methanol (Merck & Co. Inc., New Jersey) at room temperature in the presence of nitrogen to form an inert atmosphere. After stirring overnight, the gel was autoclaved to 250°C at a heating rate of 1°C / min and held at this temperature for 15 minutes. The resulting white powder was further heated using a modified method. The powder was placed in a porcelain crucible and heated from room temperature to 220°C at a rate of 1°C / min and maintained at 220°C for 5 hours. The autoclave temperature was again increased from 220°C to 400°C at a rate of 1°C / min and maintained at this temperature for 4 hours. The surface area of ​​the as-synthesized MgO material was determined to be 155m by the BET method 2 / g, which is lower than the reported surface area (Utamapanya et al., Chem. Mater., 3, 175-181) (400m 2 / g).

Embodiment 2

[0071] Example 2 - Method for preparing nanoscale polymer fibers with embedded metal oxide nanoparticles

[0072] with different MgO nanoparticles (or Al 2 o 3 Nanoparticles) weight-loaded polymer solutions of polysulfone polymer (PSU), poly[(difluoroethylene)-co-(hexafluoropropylene)] (PVDF copolymer), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) through Different amounts of MgO nanoparticles (or Al 2 o 3 nanoparticles) mixed with a polymer solution. Commercially available nano-Al 2 o 3 was purchased from Aldrich, and after sieving the material, the surface area determined by the BET method was 280 m 2 / g.

[0073] The PSU, PVDF copolymer and PVC polymer used in the experiments had number average molecular weights (M n ).

[0074] A representative method used to prepare PSU electrospun membranes is provided here. 2 g of polymer and 8 g of dimethylformamide (DMF) were magnetically stirred at room temperature for about 12 hours to dissolve the polymer. After the polymer was completely...

Embodiment 3

[0076] Example 3 - Detoxification of paraoxon using nanocomposite fibers

[0077] Following the successful fabrication of nanocomposite membranes as described above, a detoxification test against the neurostimulant paraoxon was carried out for proof of concept and for selection of suitable membranes. UV studies were performed on individual polymer films and films containing MgO nanoparticles (see figure 2 ): (a) paraoxon on polysulfone only; (b) paraoxon on PVDF copolymer only; (c) paraoxon on polysulfone containing MgO (d) paraoxon on PVC containing MgO and (e) paraoxon on MgO-containing PVDF copolymer.

[0078] Polysulfone was found to have better adsorption properties compared to PVDF (e) and PVC (d). These results suggest that the selection of an appropriate polymer support is also important in order to preserve MgO activity.

[0079] Also carried out in only polysulfone polymers, nanocomposite membranes and MgO nanoparticles, Al 2 o 3 UV adsorption study of paraoxon...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a nano-sized or micro-sized fiber comprising particles capable of at least partially detoxifying a toxic agent.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention generally relates to fibers that can be used to decontaminate chemical and biological agents. Background technique [0002] Threats from biological and chemical hazards are always present. Such threats include war, accidental chemical spills, outbreaks of infectious diseases, and industrial accidents that cause reagent spills. Chemical agents with potential health hazards to humans and animals include toxins such as phosgene (a lung damaging or asphyxiating agent), SO X , NO X , mustard agent (abrasive agent), methylphosphonothioate (nerve agent) and hydrogen cyanide (cyanide). Biological agents with potential health threats to humans and animals include viruses, such as those that cause SARS, avian influenza, smallpox, and hemorrhagic fever, bacteria, such as those that cause plague, cholera, and diphtheria, and various warfare agents, such as anthrax , botulinum toxin and saxitoxin. In most cases, brief direct exposure to s...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): D01F1/00D01F6/58D06M11/00B01D39/00D01F6/64D06M11/83B01D39/02D01F6/70D06M13/00D01F1/02D01F11/00D01F1/10D01F11/04
CPCA62D2101/02A61L2/23A62D5/00D01F1/10D01D5/0038
Inventor 希拉姆·罗摩克里希那孙达拉贾·萨布拉曼尼安
Owner NAT UNIV OF SINGAPORE
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