Pre-baked aluminum electrolysis cell based on heat pipe

Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-baked aluminum electrolysis cell based on a heat pipe. The electrolysis cell comprises a cell body, wherein the outside of the cell body is provided with an insulating brick layer; the inside of the side wall of the cell body is provided with a side carbon block; the inside of the cell bottom of the cell body is provided with a refractory block layer; and the inside of the cell body is provided with the heat pipe which can transfer the heat of the side wall to the cell bottom. The pre-baked aluminum electrolysis cell based on the heat pipe has the advantages thatthe radiation loss of the side of the aluminum electrolysis cell is reduced, the heat utilization rate of the aluminum electrolysis cell is increased and the service life is long.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an aluminum electrolytic cell in the field of nonferrous metallurgy, in particular to a prebaked aluminum electrolytic cell based on a heat pipe. Background technique [0002] At present, the method of aluminum smelting mainly adopts Hall-Heroult (Hall-Heroult) molten salt electrolysis method, which uses cryolite-alumina molten salt system to electrolyze aluminum, cryolite is used as a flux, and alumina is used as a melt to melt in Among them, an electrochemical reaction occurs under the action of direct current, and oxygen-containing complex ions are discharged at the anode to release CO 2 , Aluminum-containing complex ions are discharged at the cathode to obtain aluminum. [0003] The main production equipment for electrolytic aluminum in the modern aluminum industry is the aluminum electrolytic cell. The working temperature of the electrolytic cell is about 950°C and the working voltage is about 4V. The power consumption of...

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Problems solved by technology

The technologies for strengthening the recovery and utilization of waste heat from aluminum electrolytic cells include: the thermoacoustic module device for waste heat utilization of aluminum electrolytic cells disclosed in Chinese patent document ZL200710034298.8, the air-cooled waste heat utilization device of aluminum electrolytic cells disclosed in Chinese patent document ZL200820053438.6, and the Chinese patent document ZL200820053438.6. ZL200820053439.0 discloses the waste heat utilization device of the aluminum electrolytic cell, and the Chinese patent document ZL200720307041.0 discloses the gas medium aluminum electrolytic cell waste heat recovery device, etc. Although the above technologies recycle the waste heat of the aluminum electrolytic cell, most of the heat recovery efficiency is not high. Use the gas medium or liquid medium heat exchanger to exchange heat with the side wall of the tank shell to heat the gas medium or liquid medium to meet industrial or domestic applications. Although this method has high heat exchange efficiency, the system has a complex structure and takes up a lot of space. Large, difficult to achieve in places with high space utilization such as aluminum electrolysis workshops

There are many technologies for improving the lining structure of aluminum electrolytic cells, which can be roughly divided into two categories. One is conventional aluminum electrolytic cells, such as a large-scale aluminum electrolytic cell lining structure disclosed in Chinese patent document ZL200810227120.X, Chinese patent document ZL200710048985.5 discloses a large-scale prebaked aluminum electrolytic cell lining structure. This type of conventional aluminum electrolytic cell is partially optimized for the aluminum electrolytic cell, so that the side heat dissipation of the aluminum electrolytic cell is enhanced and the bottom insulation is enhanced. Limited by its structure, most of them treat the symptoms but not the root cause, and the heat loss is serious; the second type is the lining structure of the flow-conducting aluminum electrolytic cell, such as a flow-conducting titanium boride-coated cathode aluminum electrolytic cell disclosed in Chinese patent document ZL200410023392. The aluminum electrolytic cell with a special-shaped cathode carbon block structure disclosed in Chinese patent document ZL200710010523.4, and the diversion aluminum electrolytic cell disclosed in US patent documents US2003 / 0201169A1, US2002 / 0166775A1 and US5028301, the main features of this aluminum electrolytic cell Because the cathode carbon block has a certain slope, the electrolytic cell has a polyaluminum groove, and the aluminum liquid in the polyaluminum groove is regularly pumped away, which can reduce the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid, thereby reducing the pole distance and saving power consumption, but the above aluminum electrolytic cell cannot be fundamentally changed Serious problem with side heat dissipation

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