Preparation method and device of metal foam material

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and a device of a metal foam material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing 93-99 wt% of aluminium matrix, 0.5-5 wt% of additive and 0.5-2 wt% of foaming agent uniformly to form a shaped foamable precursor material, putting the foamable precursor material in a foaming furnace with infrared heating to foam the foamable precursor material fast under infrared radiation, then taking the foam material out from the foaming furnace and cooling, wherein, the aluminium matrix is pure aluminium, aluminium powder or aluminium alloy, the foaming agent is titanium hydride, zirconium hydride, or calcium carbonate, and the additive is calcium, carborundum powder, or alumina powder. The device is a foaming furnace with infrared heating,has the advantages of fast foaming the precursor material, eliminating the hole gradient, easily controlling the foaming and cooling process, making the product have reproducibility and maneuverability, and improving cellular uniformity. According to the invention, metal foam sandwich panels can be prepared directly, and the mechanical properties of the aluminium-based foam material are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a metal foam material, in particular to a method and a device for preparing a closed-cell metal foam material. Background technique [0002] Closed-cell metal foam is a new multifunctional structural material, which has the characteristics of low relative density, large specific surface area, high specific mechanical properties, and good damping and shock absorption performance. It can be widely used in aerospace, military industry, ships, and rail trains. , automobiles and construction, machinery and many other fields; [0003] The preparation methods of closed-cell metal foam mainly include melt stirring casting method and powder metallurgy method. [0004] The melt stirring casting method first melts aluminum at a certain temperature, and adds additives that can increase the viscosity of the melt to the aluminum melt, and then adds a foaming agent to the aluminum melt and disperses it evenly by stirri...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] It can be seen from the preparation process of the above-mentioned foam material that both the melt stirring casting method and the powder metallurgy method contain two main steps, one is the preparation of the preform, and the other is the heating and expansion process of the preform. The formation of foam plays a vital role; but there are shortcomings in its technology, this is because the heating and foaming process in the existing technology is carried out in a well-type or box-type resistance furnace, using convection and heat radiation. Heat transfer makes the foaming process take a long time. At the same time, because the prepared foam is mostly in the shape of a block, the heat insulation effect of the unique porous structure of the foam material will also cause the cooling time to be prolonged, and finally due to gravity. The obtained aluminum foam contains a thicker solid metal layer, which greatly reduces the yield of the product. In addition, the heating and foaming and cooling time prolongation also make the cell evolution of the foam difficult to control, and the pore size gradient from the outside to the inside is relatively small. Large, and it is easy to form internal defects in the process, which makes the control of process conditions more difficult and the reproducibility of products is poor

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