Fire monitoring and warning method on basis of unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire monitoring and warning method on the basis of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The fire monitoring and warning method comprises the following steps: utilizing the unmanned aerial vehicle carrying a digital camera and a GPS (Global Position System) receiver to circularly monitor and shoot images, recording the shot images as well as a GPS position and a shooting gesture at a shooting moment, and sending back to a ground station in real time; scanning the received images by the ground station, identifying a potential fire point (grid) and a fired fire point (grid), and obtaining an accurate fire scene position and a scope; calculating boundaries and a gravity center of a plurality of fire scene scopes at adjacent moments by the ground station on the basis of continuously shot aerial photos, thereby obtaining a point farthest away from the gravity center of the fire scenes, namely, obtaining a fire starting point; and analyzing the change in the position of the fire starting point, so as to judge the fire extending direction and calculate the fire extending speed and acceleration. The fire monitoring and warning method has the advantages that the demand on image processing capacity of a carried device on the unmanned aerial vehicle is low, the load of the unmanned aerial vehicle is light, the continuous flying polling time is long, the risk in losing or damaging the device is low, the fire extending direction is automatically extracted, the fire extending speed and acceleration are automatically calculated, and the practical applicability is strong.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fire monitoring and early warning technology, and in particular to a fire monitoring and early warning method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. Background technique [0002] Commonly used forest fire monitoring methods in China mainly include ground patrols, observation tower monitoring, satellite remote sensing, etc. Among them, the ground patrol monitoring range is small, and many places with inconvenient transportation are difficult to patrol; the observation effect of the observation deck relies too much on the experience of the lookout, with low accuracy and large errors, and is easily restricted by terrain and terrain, with small coverage and fire monitoring. Dead ends; Meteorological satellite remote sensing monitoring of forest fires is a relatively common forest fire risk monitoring method in recent years. It has the characteristics of large coverage, timely, rapid, continuous and complete. However, this method al...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The technology disclosed in the CN102496234A patent is "when the fire source point in the forest is found, use the infrared camera on the UAV to photograph it, and send the GPS position of the UAV to the fire center through satellite communication", whoever finds the fire source point ? How to find the source of fire? Can it automatically identify and extract the fire source? There is no detailed description in the patented technology, and it is impossible to automatically identify the fire area, spread range and development trend. The technology disclosed in the patent is very poor in practicability

The technology disclosed in the CN101650866A patent focuses on using the infrared imaging device on the UAV to collect images, and converts the analog signal into a digital signal (infrared image gray value data) on the UAV, and uses an algorithm to identify the grid with a temperature higher than the threshold For suspected fire flames or high-risk points, compared with the technology disclosed in CN102496234A patent, it is more detailed and specific, but it has higher requirements for drones and must be equipped with image processing equipment, which will not only shorten the aerial inspection time of drones, but also cause There are many equipment on board, which leads to potential safety hazards, and there is a risk of equipment loss or damage; moreover, the real-time processing of infrared images by airborne equipment has great limitations, and the image processing results are relatively simple. Information such as accurate range, spreading direction, speed and acceleration cannot provide practical decision-making reference information for forest fire early warning and rescue command work

[0004] (1) Although the approximate location or suspected area of ​​the fire can be obtained in theory, the infrared camera processing is relatively rudimentary, and it is difficult to obtain important information such as the direction of fire spread, accurate range and speed, and cannot provide practical decision-making for forest fire early warning and rescue command work Reference Information

[0005] (2) It mainly relies on the UAV platform and its equipped equipment to process fire images. The technical means are single, and the monitoring and collection capabilities and comprehensive analysis capabilities have limitations. Modern photogrammetry and remote sensing image processing technologies cannot be fully used for automatic fire identification. , information extraction and early warning analysis, the accuracy and practicability of the information provided are poor

Images