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Preparation method of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon nanofibers

A carbon nanofiber, polyacrylonitrile-based technology, which is applied in the field of carbon nanofiber preparation, can solve the problems of low spinning efficiency and few large-scale production equipment, and achieve the effects of good crystal shape, fine fiber diameter and short production cycle.

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-02-20
TIANJIN POLYTECHNIC UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the current research is mainly based on laboratory equipment research, there are few large-scale production equipment, and the spinning efficiency is low (the spinning rate is generally 0.5-3mL / h / spinning hole)

Method used

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  • Preparation method of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon nanofibers
  • Preparation method of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon nanofibers
  • Preparation method of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon nanofibers

Examples

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preparation example Construction

[0023] The invention discloses a method for preparing carbon nanofibers (referred to as the preparation method, see Figure 1). The process steps are as follows: dissolving polyacrylonitrile in a solvent to form a spinning solution, and then supplying the spinning solution to the containing The spinning die 2 with a series of spinning holes makes the spinning solution extrude from the spinning holes 21 of the spinning die 2 to form a thin stream of spinning solution; at the same time, at least one high-speed jet airflow enters the spinning die 2, and through the air gap 12 of the spinneret 2 at a spray angle of 0-30 degrees to blow the extruded spinning solution trickle; the high-speed jet airflow realizes the stretching and refinement of the spinning solution trickle, while Accelerate the volatilization of the solvent in the spinning solution to form polyacrylonitrile nanofibers; place the polyacrylonitrile nanofibers in an oxidation furnace and pre-oxidize in an oxygen environm...

Embodiment 1

[0031] (1) Preparation of spinning solution: Dissolve polyacrylonitrile with a viscosity average molecular weight of 90,000 into N,N-dimethylformamide at a mass fraction of 12%, and stir until the mixture is uniform to make a spinning solution;

[0032] (2) Solution jet spinning method to prepare polyacrylonitrile nanofibers: the spinning solution is supplied to spinneret 2 through a metering pump at a rate of 12mL / h / spinning hole, so that the spinning solution is discharged from spinneret 2 Extruded into the spinneret hole 21 to form a fine stream of spinning solution; at the same time, two high-speed jet air streams with a temperature of 40°C are used to blow the extruded spinning solution stream at a jet angle of 30° through the air gap 12, and the airflow speed is controlled 800 times the extrusion speed of the solution trickle, the high-speed air stream stretches the solution trickle and promotes solvent volatilization to form polyacrylonitrile nanofibers;

[0033] (3) Pre-oxi...

Embodiment 2

[0037] (1) Preparation of spinning solution: Dissolve polyacrylonitrile with a viscosity average molecular weight of 120,000 into N,N-dimethylacetamide at a mass fraction of 10%, and stir until the mixture is uniform to make a spinning solution;

[0038] (2) Solution jet spinning method to prepare polyacrylonitrile nanofibers: the spinning solution is supplied to the spinneret 2 through a metering pump at a rate of 22mL / h / spinning hole, so that the spinning solution is discharged from the spinneret 2 Extruded into the spinneret hole 21 to form a fine stream of spinning solution; at the same time, two high-speed jet air streams with a temperature of 50°C are used to blow the extruded spinning solution stream at a jet angle of 15° through the air gap 12. The air flow speed is controlled It is 1200 times the extrusion speed of the solution trickle, and the high-speed air stream stretches the solution trickle and promotes the volatilization of the solvent to form polyacrylonitrile nan...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of carbon nanofibers and particularly relates to a preparation method of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon nanofibers. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving polyacrylonitrile into a solvent to form a spinning solution, supplying the spinning solution to a spinning die head with a series of spinning holes, and extruding from the spinning holes to form fine spinning solution flow; blowing and extruding the fine spinning solution flow by utilizing one high-speed jet air flow at an included angle being 0-30 degrees, thus refining the fine solution flow and promoting the evaporation of the solvent to form polyacrylonitrile nanofibers, wherein the temperature of the high-speed jet air flow is 20-80 DEG C, and the speed of the high-speed jet air flow is higher than the extruding speed of the fine solution flow by 500-3000 times; and arranging the polyacrylonitrile nanofibers in air atmosphere being 160-300 DEG C to conduct pre-oxidization treatment and conduct carbonization treatment in the nitrogen atmosphere being 900-1800 DEG C to obtain the carbon nanofibers. The preparation method has the advantages of high production efficiency, simple process, uniform diameter distribution of fibers and the like, and is suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing carbon nanofibers, in particular to a method for preparing carbon nanofibers based on polyacrylonitrile. Background technique [0002] Carbon fiber is a fiber material with a carbon content greater than 90% converted from organic fiber material through a series of heat treatments. It has high specific strength, high specific modulus, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, radiation resistance, electrical conductivity, and transmission. A series of excellent properties such as heat, shock absorption, noise reduction and low relative density are typical high-performance fibers. [0003] As a new type of carbon nanomaterial, carbon nanofiber is a quasi-one-dimensional carbon material between carbon nanotubes and ordinary carbon fibers. It has the characteristics of carbon materials and the softness of textile fibers, and has excellent physical, mechanical properties and chemical stab...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): D01F9/22D01F6/38D01D5/04D01D10/02
Inventor 庄旭品程博闻杨小灿石磊陶潇枭康卫民
Owner TIANJIN POLYTECHNIC UNIV
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