Preparation method of temperature-resisting lead-free and barium-free primary explosive 5-nitramino tetrazole calcium

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a temperature-resisting lead-free and barium-free primary explosive 5-nitramino tetrazole calcium. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing nitrosonitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid by a ratio of 1:1, adding 5-amino tetrazole powder under a stirring condition, heating to 50-70 DEG C to react for 4-6 hours, cooling to room temperature and adding anhydrous Na2CO3 till pH value is neutral; extracting by absolute ethyl alcohol, spirally evaporating a filtrate, adding ethyl acetate to generate a white precipitate, filtering a solid product, and drying at 55-65 DEG C to obtain 5-nitramino tetrazole calcium; adding 5-nitramino tetrazole calcium and distilled water to a reaction bottle, stirring, adding solid powder Ca(OH)2 and heating to 75-85 DEG C to react for 1-2 hours, separating out white crystals, cooling to room temperature, filtering the solid product, washing by absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at 55-65 DEG C to obtain CaNAT. In the synthesizing process, no toxic and harmful gases are generated, so that the primary explosive has very good thermal stability.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method of priming agent 5-nitroaminotetrazole calcium (II) (CaNAT for short). Background technique [0002] At present, the detonators loaded in engineering detonators at home and abroad are generally co-precipitated compounds or inclusion compounds containing lead nitride, or DDNP. The weakness of the former type of medicaments is that the mechanical sensitivity is relatively high, and the waste water produced needs to be discharged through chemical treatment; although the production and use of DDNP are much safer, the amount of waste water produced is large, the dyeing property is strong and difficult to handle, and the performance of the medicament itself is also poor. There are deficiencies, such as low false density, poor pressure resistance, poor fluidity, etc. [0003] In recent years, many new types of primary explosives have been extensively studied. In US Patent Nos. 22,066 and 3,965,951, studies on 5-...

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Problems solved by technology

In US Patent 22,066 and 3,965,951, the research on 5-nitrotetrazole mercury (II) has been reported, which has excellent detonation properties, but its application is limited due to the presence of toxic heavy metal mercury

The 5-nitrotetrazole copper (II) mentioned in the application patent 2006 / 0030715 has good thermal stability, has good impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity compared with lead azide, and has fast work and high output energy. However, because the solid is a flocculent crystal, the fluidity is not good, it is not easy to filter during the preparation process, and it is not easy to operate in the later filling, which affects its application.

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