An internal heat type coal dry distillation furnace, an internal heat type coal dry distillation system and a coal dry distillation process

Abstract

The present application relates to a coal internally heated carbonization retort, an internally heated coal carbonization system and process. The resort may comprise one or more carbonization chambers with heating gas conducting walls, one or more heating gas distribution channels and an oxygen-deficient heating gas generator. The carbonization chambers may be arranged in parallel and filled with coals, and the heating gas generator may be configured to generate oxygen-deficient heating gas which is fed into the carbonization chambers through their heating gas conducting walls after the heating gas goes through the transmission and distribution pipes, and distribution channels. The heating gas directly contacts with and heats the coals filled in the chambers for carbonization or coking.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to coal dry distillation equipment and technology, in particular to an internal heat type coal dry distillation furnace, an internal heat type coal dry distillation system and a coal dry distillation process. Coal carbonization furnace is also called coking oven or carbonization furnace. Background technique [0002] Coal dry distillation (that is, coal coking) refers to the process in which coal (coal) is heated in the absence of air to produce pyrolysis to generate gas, tar, crude benzene and coke. The large-scale use of coal coking technology in industrial production began in the 18th century to produce coke needed for ironmaking. [0003] In view of the combustion characteristics of coal itself, coal coking needs to be completed under the condition of being isolated from the air, so as to avoid the direct contact between the oxygen in the air and the hot coal during the coking process to cause combustion or oxidation reaction...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0017] 1) The wall of the carbonization chamber is generally made of 100 mm thick silica bricks under the condition of comprehensive consideration and balance of strength and thermal conductivity, whose thermal conductivity and efficiency seriously affect and limit the coking process and efficiency;

[0018] 2) The combustion of gas formed in the vertical flue of the combustion chamber is a typical regenerative combustion, which is characterized by low combustion efficiency and uneven temperature distribution, thus further reducing the energy efficiency of modern coking processes;

[0019] 3) The coking temperature in the carbonization chamber is generally 950°C-1050°C, and the average temperature of the vertical flue in the combustion chamber is 1300°C or higher; moreover, due to the formation of gas and air, the local high-temperature large flame is peroxygenated, resulting in A large amount of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides, causing serious air pollution and emissions;

[0020] 4) The carbonization chamber of the coal carbonization furnace needs to be built with a large number of silica bricks with high temperature resistance and relatively good thermal conductivity, so the construction cost of the coal carbonization furnace is high;

Because they all use conventional solid or gas fuel combustion technology, it is necessary to use excessive blowing to make the fuel burn as much as possible, resulting in too much oxygen in the generated high-temperature flue gas; it will burn and oxidize with part of the coal in the carbonization chamber, so Consuming coal and reducing the yield of semi-coke products;

[0028] 2) Conventional solid or gas fuel combustion technologies have obvious problems of low combustion efficiency and pollution emissions caused by insufficient combustion; therefore, it is usually necessary to use excessive blowing combustion methods

However, this combustion method reduces the combustion and thermal efficiency of the combustion chamber, as well as the overall energy efficiency of this internal heat carbonization process;

[0029] 3) Although the coking temperature in the carbonization chamber is about 700°C; but there must be local high temperature in the combustion chamber due to the combustion method

This combustion will produce a large amount of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides, causing serious air pollution and emissions

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