Catalyst for preparing C5,C6 light alkane from carbohydrate

Abstract

The invention relates to a catalyst for preparing C5,C6 light alkane from carbohydrate and a process of the catalyst and belongs to the research fields for preparing fuels and chemicals from a biomass and derivatives of the biomass. The catalyst comprises two active ingredients, namely an acid center adopting a carrier containing Nb and a metal hydrogenation activity with Rh, Pd, Pt, Ir and Ru, wherein the acid center adopting the carrier containing the Nb can dehydrate hydroxide radical of the carbohydrate, NbOx further can break a C-O bond, and the light alkane is generated by virtue of synergistic effect between the acid center and the metal hydrogenation activity center with Rh, Pd, Pt, Ir and Ru. The catalyst has the advantages that by taking glucose as a raw material, the total yield of C5 and C6 can reach 60% under an optimal reaction condition; the catalyst has high activity, is easy to separate and recycle, is good in stability and has a good industrial application prospect, and a valuable novel way is provided for converting the carbohydrate into biogasoline.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a catalyst and a process for preparing C5 and C6 light alkanes from carbohydrates, and belongs to the research field of synthesizing fuels and chemicals by utilizing biomass and its derivatives. technical background [0002] C5, C6 light alkanes are important chemical products and organic solvents. They are widely used in organic synthesis, paint thinners, and polymerization media. They can also be added to vehicles as admixtures to increase the octane number of automobiles. Gasoline, and can also be applied to ordinary commercial vehicles or ethanol gasoline vehicles. [0003] With the depletion of petrochemical resources, human beings will face severe challenges of limited resources. my country is a country that is relatively short of oil and gas resources. In recent years, the continuous rise of international oil prices has had an important impact on my country's economy, and my country's energy security and national securi...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] In 2004 Huber et al. (Angew Chem Int Ed, 2004, 43, 1549) by using Pt / Al 2 o 3 -SiO 2 The catalyst effectively controls the aqueous phase process of sorbitol, and at relatively high temperature and pressure (260 °C and 6 MPa H 2 ) to selectively synthesize C1-C6 alkanes, the combined selectivity of alkanes can reach 58-89%, and the selectivity of n-hexane can reach 38%, but the harsh conditions lead to the breakage of C-C bonds, resulting in a large amount of methane , carbon dioxide (total 35%)

Chinese patent CN 101550350A discloses a preparation method of biogasoline and a catalyst preparation process, which is characterized in that sorbitol is used as a raw material, a supported Pt / H-ZSM-5 catalyst is used, and a micro slurry bed is used for high-pressure hydrogenation reaction. Biogasoline products can be obtained with high selectivity, but due to the loss of active components and carbon deposition during use, the cost of catalyst use is relatively high, and the distribution of raw materials (only sorbitol) is relatively narrow, making it There are certain restrictions on industrial application

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