A falling pyrolyzer

Abstract

The invention relates to a falling-type pyrolyzer which comprises a feed opening, a uniform blanking mechanism, a preheating section, a main reactor, a blanking auxiliary mechanism and a charcoal discharge section from top to bottom. The waste or biomass, of which the size is less than 30mm and the water content is 35% or below, is sent into the preheating section by the uniform blanking mechanism, and sent to the main reactor by the preheating section. The preheating section is provided with a vapor outlet. The main reactor is composed of vertical plates or membrane-type vertical tube heat transfer surfaces, and the interval is 1.4-3 times of the maximum particle size; by the aid of the blanking auxiliary mechanism, one side is provided with a heat source port, and the other side is provided with a volatile matter filter layer perpendicular to the heat transfer surface and a discharge port. The generated coke falls into the charcoal discharge section, the unpyrolyzed material is pyrolyzed at the charcoal discharge section, and the retention time is controlled through the charcoal discharge speed. When cold charcoal needs to be discharged, the charcoal discharge section is converted into the cooling section, and a coolant passes through at the cold source side. The falling-type pyrolyzer can adapt to the thermal expansion and cold shrinkage, and has the advantages of no leakage, high capacity and space saving.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of biomass utilization and waste resource treatment. In particular, the present invention relates to a descending pyrolyzer. Background technique [0002] At present, the types of reaction devices that can be used for sludge, biomass, and garbage pyrolysis mainly include fluidized bed pyrolysis reactors, fixed bed pyrolysis reactors, rotary pyrolysis reactors, moving bed pyrolysis reactors, Rotating cone reactors, down-tube pyrolysis reactors, etc., all have their own advantages in application, but they also have certain defects. [0003] Fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor and rotating cone reactor are more suitable for pyrolysis liquefaction and pyrolysis gasification of biomass particles, but not suitable for pyrolysis carbonization of biomass. Fixed bed pyrolysis reactor is more suitable for pyrolysis carbonization and pyrolysis gasification of biomass particles and waste, but not suitable for pyrolysis liquefaction...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The down-bed pyrolysis reactor can realize rapid pyrolysis of small particle solid fuel, and the residence time of pyrolysis gas is short, but the residence time is too short for solid fuel with large particle size, which is not conducive to the sufficient pyrolysis of large particles. Although the invention Utilize moving bed to solve this problem, but moving bed only handles large particles and is too inefficient

[0009] In view of the fact that the existing pyrolysis technology and reactors cannot meet the requirements of efficient pyrolysis, clean volatile matter, and simple post-treatment, the present invention proposes a highly efficient, economical, and stable-operating drop-down pyrolysis reactor, To ensure that waste and biomass can be pyrolyzed more economically, safely and efficiently, and the volatiles produced by pyrolysis are cleaner and will not carry a lot of dust

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