Method for recycling valuable metals in waste lithium ion batteries

A lithium-ion battery and valuable metal technology, which is applied in the field of valuable metal recovery in lithium-ion batteries, can solve the problems of increasing equipment complexity, high energy consumption, and high construction costs, achieving low operating and input costs, and reducing external energy. Consume, reduce the effect of explosion safety risk

Active Publication Date: 2015-05-13
CHANGSHA RES INST OF MINING & METALLURGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This process has the advantages of being able to process various types of battery waste and avoiding the risk of safety explosion and environmental pollution in the process of battery dismantling. However, it uses a special shaft furnace for smelting, and its construction process is complicated and the construction cost is high, which is not conducive to application. to promote
[0004]In addition, four patents (publication numbers CN103370427A, CN103459623A, CN103380218A, CN103459624A) applied by Sumitomo Corporation of Japan proposed a battery pre-disassembly-low temperature oxidation Roasting-high-temperature electric furnace smelting process. Although this method uses mature rotary kiln and electric furnace equipment, it is easy to popularize and apply. However, th

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028] A method for recovering valuable metals in the waste lithium ion battery of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0029] (1) A certain waste aluminum shell lithium-ion battery (Cu 8 wt.%, Co 16 wt.%, Ni 2 wt.%, Al 35 wt.%, Fe 1wt.%, Mn 0.1 wt.%, C 18wt.% .%) mixed with carbon powder, placed in a rotary kiln for low-temperature reducing roasting, the roasting temperature of the rotary kiln is controlled at 800°C, and the roasting time is 30 minutes, and the roasted product can be obtained. In the roasting process of this embodiment, no additional Add carbon powder, the aforementioned carbon powder is the carbon powder contained in the waste aluminum shell lithium-ion battery itself;

[0030] (2) Mix the roasted product obtained above with a slagging agent, the slagging agent in this example is copper smelting slag (main composition: Cu 0.69 wt.%, Fe 42 wt.%, SiO 2 30 wt.%, CaO 4.05 wt.%) and dolomite (the mass of dolomite accounts for 25%) to obtain a ...

Embodiment 2

[0033] A method for recovering valuable metals in the waste lithium ion battery of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0034] (1) A certain waste aluminum shell lithium-ion battery (Cu 8 wt.%, Co 16 wt.%, Ni 2 wt.%, Al 35 wt.%, Fe 1wt.%, Mn 0.1 wt.%, C 10 wt.%) and waste polymer lithium-ion batteries (Cu 9 wt.%, Co 5 wt.%, Ni 1 wt.%, Al 15 wt.%, Fe 1wt.%, Mn 22 wt.%, C 19 wt.%) mixed, placed in a rotary kiln for low-temperature reductive roasting, in which the waste polymer lithium-ion battery is 2.0 times the mass of the waste aluminum shell lithium-ion battery, the roasting temperature of the rotary kiln is controlled at 800 ° C, and the roasting time is 30min, obtain roasted product A;

[0035] A certain large-scale waste steel-cased lithium-ion battery (Cu 8 wt.%, Co15 wt.%, Ni 2 wt.%, Al 5 wt.%, Fe 30 wt.%, Mn 0.2 wt.%, C 11 wt.% %) and graphite powder (the particle size of graphite powder is not more than 20mm). Due to the insufficient carbon content...

Embodiment 3

[0040] A method for recovering valuable metals in the waste lithium ion battery of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) A certain waste aluminum shell lithium-ion battery (Cu 8 wt.%, Co 16 wt.%, Ni 2 wt.%, Al 35 wt.%, Fe 1wt.%, Mn 0.1 wt.%, C 16 wt.%) and some kind of waste steel lithium-ion battery (Cu 8 wt.%, Co15 wt.%, Ni 2 wt.%, Al 5 wt.%, Fe 30 wt.%, Mn 0.2 wt.%, C 11 wt.%) mixed, placed in a rotary kiln for low-temperature reduction roasting, wherein the waste steel-cased lithium-ion battery is 1.0 times the mass of the waste aluminum-cased lithium-ion battery, the roasting temperature of the rotary kiln is controlled at 400 ° C, and the roasting time For 90min, no additional carbon powder is added during the roasting process of the present embodiment, and the roasted product can be obtained;

[0042] (2) Mix the roasted product obtained above with a slagging agent. The slagging agent in this example is nickel smelting slag (main components:...

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recycling valuable metals in waste lithium ion batteries. The method comprises the following steps: mixing waste lithium ion batteries with carbon powder, feeding into a rotary kiln for low-temperature reduction roasting, and controlling the roasting temperature to be less than 900 DEG C during low-temperature reduction roasting, so as to obtain a roasting product, wherein the amount of the carbon powder is not greater than 30% of that of the waste lithium ion batteries; mixing the roasting product with a slag former, so as to obtain a mixed material, wherein the mass of the roasting product accounts for at least 10% of that of the mixed material; feeding the mixed material into an electric furnace for smelting, so as to obtain an alloy with valuable metals and slag with CaO and SiO2. The method has the remarkable advantages of simple equipment, low investment operation cost, easiness in popularization, remarkable process energy consumption reduction, high valuable metal recycling rate and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of resource recovery and environmental protection, and in particular relates to a method for recovering valuable metals in lithium ion batteries. Background technique [0002] The recycling process of waste lithium-ion batteries is mainly divided into two categories: wet method and fire method. At present, domestically developed waste lithium-ion battery recycling and treatment technologies are mainly focused on wet treatment processes, and the specific process is "discharge-dismantle-physical sorting-wet leaching-extraction separation and recovery of Co and Ni". This process requires a pretreatment process of mechanically dismantling waste lithium-ion batteries. Due to the risk of explosion safety or the risk of environmental pollution due to the volatilization of organic compounds in this process, dismantling in a protective atmosphere or low-temperature freezing is currently generally used. However, , wh...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C22B1/02C22B15/00C22B23/00H01M10/54
CPCY02P10/20Y02W30/84
Inventor 肖松文毛拥军任国兴谢美求沈裕军谢廷信潘炳郑铁铮王东王奉刚钟山张志华
Owner CHANGSHA RES INST OF MINING & METALLURGY
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